palacios/src/palacios/vmx.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of the Palacios Virtual Machine Monitor developed
   3  * by the V3VEE Project with funding from the United States National
   4  * Science Foundation and the Department of Energy.
   5  *
   6  * The V3VEE Project is a joint project between Northwestern University
   7  * and the University of New Mexico.  You can find out more at
   8  * http://www.v3vee.org
   9  *
  10  * Copyright (c) 2011, Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  11  * Copyright (c) 2011, The V3VEE Project <http://www.v3vee.org>
  12  * All rights reserved.
  13  *
  14  * Author: Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  15  *
  16  * This is free software.  You are permitted to use,
  17  * redistribute, and modify it as specified in the file "V3VEE_LICENSE".
  18  */
  19
  20
  21 #include <palacios/vmx.h>
  22 #include <palacios/vmm.h>
  23 #include <palacios/vmx_handler.h>
  24 #include <palacios/vmcs.h>
  25 #include <palacios/vmx_lowlevel.h>
  26 #include <palacios/vmm_lowlevel.h>
  27 #include <palacios/vmm_ctrl_regs.h>
  28 #include <palacios/vmm_config.h>
  29 #include <palacios/vmm_time.h>
  30 #include <palacios/vm_guest_mem.h>
  31 #include <palacios/vmm_direct_paging.h>
  32 #include <palacios/vmx_io.h>
  33 #include <palacios/vmx_msr.h>
  34 #include <palacios/vmm_decoder.h>
  35 #include <palacios/vmm_barrier.h>
  36
  37 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
  38 #include <palacios/vmm_checkpoint.h>
  39 #endif
  40
  41 #include <palacios/vmx_ept.h>
  42 #include <palacios/vmx_assist.h>
  43 #include <palacios/vmx_hw_info.h>
  44
  45 #ifndef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_VMX
  46 #undef PrintDebug
  47 #define PrintDebug(fmt, args...)
  48 #endif
  49
  50
  51 /* These fields contain the hardware feature sets supported by the local CPU */
  52 static struct vmx_hw_info hw_info;
  53
  54 extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
  55
  56 static addr_t host_vmcs_ptrs[V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS] = { [0 ... V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS - 1] = 0};
  57
  58 extern int v3_vmx_launch(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  59 extern int v3_vmx_resume(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  60
  61 static int inline check_vmcs_write(vmcs_field_t field, addr_t val) {
  62     int ret = 0;
  63
  64     ret = vmcs_write(field, val);
  65
  66     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  67         PrintError("VMWRITE error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  68         return 1;
  69     }
  70
  71     return 0;
  72 }
  73
  74 static int inline check_vmcs_read(vmcs_field_t field, void * val) {
  75     int ret = 0;
  76
  77     ret = vmcs_read(field, val);
  78
  79     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  80         PrintError("VMREAD error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  81     }
  82
  83     return ret;
  84 }
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89 static addr_t allocate_vmcs() {
  90     struct vmcs_data * vmcs_page = NULL;
  91
  92     PrintDebug("Allocating page\n");
  93
  94     vmcs_page = (struct vmcs_data *)V3_VAddr(V3_AllocPages(1));
  95     memset(vmcs_page, 0, 4096);
  96
  97     vmcs_page->revision = hw_info.basic_info.revision;
  98     PrintDebug("VMX Revision: 0x%x\n", vmcs_page->revision);
  99
 100     return (addr_t)V3_PAddr((void *)vmcs_page);
 101 }
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106 static int init_vmcs_bios(struct guest_info * core, struct vmx_data * vmx_state) {
 107     int vmx_ret = 0;
 108
 109     // disable global interrupts for vm state initialization
 110     v3_disable_ints();
 111
 112     PrintDebug("Loading VMCS\n");
 113     vmx_ret = vmcs_load(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 114     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 115
 116     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 117         PrintError("VMPTRLD failed\n");
 118         return -1;
 119     }
 120
 121
 122     /*** Setup default state from HW ***/
 123
 124     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.value = hw_info.pin_ctrls.def_val;
 125     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.proc_ctrls.def_val;
 126     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.value = hw_info.exit_ctrls.def_val;
 127     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.value = hw_info.entry_ctrls.def_val;
 128     vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls.def_val;
 129
 130     /* Print Control MSRs */
 131     PrintDebug("CR0 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr0.value);
 132     PrintDebug("CR4 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr4.value);
 133
 134
 135
 136     /******* Setup Host State **********/
 137
 138     /* Cache GDTR, IDTR, and TR in host struct */
 139
 140
 141     /********** Setup VMX Control Fields ***********/
 142
 143     /* Add external interrupts, NMI exiting, and virtual NMI */
 144     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.nmi_exit = 1;
 145     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.ext_int_exit = 1;
 146
 147
 148     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.hlt_exit = 1;
 149
 150
 151     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.pause_exit = 0;
 152     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.tsc_offset = 1;
 153 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_TIME_VIRTUALIZE_TSC
 154     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.rdtsc_exit = 1;
 155 #endif
 156
 157     /* Setup IO map */
 158     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_io_bitmap = 1;
 159     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_A_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data));
 160     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_B_ADDR,
 161             (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data) + PAGE_SIZE_4KB);
 162
 163
 164     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_msr_bitmap = 1;
 165     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_MSR_BITMAP, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->msr_map.arch_data));
 166
 167
 168
 169 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 170     // Ensure host runs in 64-bit mode at each VM EXIT
 171     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.host_64_on = 1;
 172 #endif
 173
 174     // Hook all accesses to EFER register
 175     v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, EFER_MSR,
 176                 &v3_handle_efer_read,
 177                 &v3_handle_efer_write,
 178                 core);
 179
 180     // Restore host's EFER register on each VM EXIT
 181     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.ld_efer = 1;
 182
 183     // Save/restore guest's EFER register to/from VMCS on VM EXIT/ENTRY
 184     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.save_efer = 1;
 185     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.ld_efer  = 1;
 186
 187     // Cause VM_EXIT whenever CR4.VMXE or CR4.PAE bits are written
 188     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR4_MASK, CR4_VMXE | CR4_PAE);
 189
 190
 191     /* Setup paging */
 192     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 193         PrintDebug("Creating initial shadow page table\n");
 194
 195         if (v3_init_passthrough_pts(core) == -1) {
 196             PrintError("Could not initialize passthrough page tables\n");
 197             return -1;
 198         }
 199
 200 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 201 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 202 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 203         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 204
 205         core->ctrl_regs.cr3 = core->direct_map_pt;
 206
 207         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 208
 209         /* Add CR exits */
 210         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 1;
 211         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 1;
 212
 213         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 1;
 214
 215         /* Add page fault exits */
 216         vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1;
 217
 218         // Setup VMX Assist
 219         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 220
 221     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 222                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_CPU)) {
 223
 224 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 225 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 226 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 227         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 228
 229         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 230
 231         /* Disable CR exits */
 232         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 233         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 234
 235         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 236
 237         /* Add page fault exits */
 238         //      vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1; // This should never happen..., enabled to catch bugs
 239
 240         // Setup VMX Assist
 241         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 242
 243         /* Enable EPT */
 244         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 245         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 246
 247
 248
 249         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 250             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 251             return -1;
 252         }
 253
 254     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 255                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
 256         int i = 0;
 257         // For now we will assume that unrestricted guest mode is assured w/ EPT
 258
 259
 260         core->vm_regs.rsp = 0x00;
 261         core->rip = 0xfff0;
 262         core->vm_regs.rdx = 0x00000f00;
 263         core->ctrl_regs.rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
 264         core->ctrl_regs.cr0 = 0x60010010; // Set the WP flag so the memory hooks work in real-mode
 265
 266
 267         core->segments.cs.selector = 0xf000;
 268         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
 269         core->segments.cs.base = 0x0000000f0000LL;
 270
 271         // (raw attributes = 0xf3)
 272         core->segments.cs.type = 0xb;
 273         core->segments.cs.system = 0x1;
 274         core->segments.cs.dpl = 0x0;
 275         core->segments.cs.present = 1;
 276
 277
 278
 279         struct v3_segment * segregs [] = {&(core->segments.ss), &(core->segments.ds),
 280                                           &(core->segments.es), &(core->segments.fs),
 281                                           &(core->segments.gs), NULL};
 282
 283         for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
 284             struct v3_segment * seg = segregs[i];
 285
 286             seg->selector = 0x0000;
 287             //    seg->base = seg->selector << 4;
 288             seg->base = 0x00000000;
 289             seg->limit = 0xffff;
 290
 291
 292             seg->type = 0x3;
 293             seg->system = 0x1;
 294             seg->dpl = 0x0;
 295             seg->present = 1;
 296             //    seg->granularity = 1;
 297
 298         }
 299
 300
 301         core->segments.gdtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 302         core->segments.gdtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 303
 304         core->segments.idtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 305         core->segments.idtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 306
 307         core->segments.ldtr.selector = 0x0000;
 308         core->segments.ldtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 309         core->segments.ldtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 310         core->segments.ldtr.type = 2;
 311         core->segments.ldtr.present = 1;
 312
 313         core->segments.tr.selector = 0x0000;
 314         core->segments.tr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 315         core->segments.tr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 316         core->segments.tr.type = 0xb;
 317         core->segments.tr.present = 1;
 318
 319         //      core->dbg_regs.dr6 = 0x00000000ffff0ff0LL;
 320         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x0000000000000400LL;
 321
 322         /* Enable EPT */
 323         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 324         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 325         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest = 1; // enable unrestricted guest operation
 326
 327
 328         /* Disable shadow paging stuff */
 329         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 330         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 331
 332         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 333
 334
 335         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 336             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 337             return -1;
 338         }
 339
 340     } else {
 341         PrintError("Invalid Virtual paging mode\n");
 342         return -1;
 343     }
 344
 345
 346     // hook vmx msrs
 347
 348     // Setup SYSCALL/SYSENTER MSRs in load/store area
 349
 350     // save STAR, LSTAR, FMASK, KERNEL_GS_BASE MSRs in MSR load/store area
 351     {
 352
 353         struct vmcs_msr_save_area * msr_entries = NULL;
 354         int max_msrs = (hw_info.misc_info.max_msr_cache_size + 1) * 4;
 355         int msr_ret = 0;
 356
 357         V3_Print("Setting up MSR load/store areas (max_msr_count=%d)\n", max_msrs);
 358
 359         if (max_msrs < 4) {
 360             PrintError("Max MSR cache size is too small (%d)\n", max_msrs);
 361             return -1;
 362         }
 363
 364         vmx_state->msr_area_paddr = (addr_t)V3_AllocPages(1);
 365
 366         if (vmx_state->msr_area_paddr == (addr_t)NULL) {
 367             PrintError("could not allocate msr load/store area\n");
 368             return -1;
 369         }
 370
 371         msr_entries = (struct vmcs_msr_save_area *)V3_VAddr((void *)(vmx_state->msr_area_paddr));
 372         vmx_state->msr_area = msr_entries; // cache in vmx_info
 373
 374         memset(msr_entries, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
 375
 376         msr_entries->guest_star.index = IA32_STAR_MSR;
 377         msr_entries->guest_lstar.index = IA32_LSTAR_MSR;
 378         msr_entries->guest_fmask.index = IA32_FMASK_MSR;
 379         msr_entries->guest_kern_gs.index = IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR;
 380
 381         msr_entries->host_star.index = IA32_STAR_MSR;
 382         msr_entries->host_lstar.index = IA32_LSTAR_MSR;
 383         msr_entries->host_fmask.index = IA32_FMASK_MSR;
 384         msr_entries->host_kern_gs.index = IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR;
 385
 386         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_CNT, 4);
 387         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 388         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 389
 390         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->guest_msrs));
 391         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->guest_msrs));
 392         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->host_msrs));
 393
 394
 395         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_STAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 396         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_LSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 397         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_FMASK_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 398         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 399
 400
 401         // IMPORTANT: These MSRs appear to be cached by the hardware....
 402         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_CS_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 403         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_ESP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 404         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_EIP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 405
 406         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, FS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 407         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, GS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 408
 409
 410         // Not sure what to do about this... Does not appear to be an explicit hardware cache version...
 411         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_CSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 412
 413         if (msr_ret != 0) {
 414             PrintError("Error configuring MSR save/restore area\n");
 415             return -1;
 416         }
 417
 418
 419     }
 420
 421     /* Sanity check ctrl/reg fields against hw_defaults */
 422
 423
 424
 425
 426     /*** Write all the info to the VMCS ***/
 427
 428     /*
 429     {
 430         // IS THIS NECESSARY???
 431 #define DEBUGCTL_MSR 0x1d9
 432         struct v3_msr tmp_msr;
 433         v3_get_msr(DEBUGCTL_MSR, &(tmp_msr.hi), &(tmp_msr.lo));
 434         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_DBG_CTL, tmp_msr.value);
 435         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x400;
 436     }
 437     */
 438
 439 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 440     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffffffffffULL);
 441 #else
 442     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 443     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR_HIGH, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 444 #endif
 445
 446
 447
 448
 449     if (v3_update_vmcs_ctrl_fields(core)) {
 450         PrintError("Could not write control fields!\n");
 451         return -1;
 452     }
 453
 454     /*
 455     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(core)) {
 456         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 457         return -1;
 458     }
 459     */
 460
 461     // reenable global interrupts for vm state initialization now
 462     // that the vm state is initialized. If another VM kicks us off,
 463     // it'll update our vmx state so that we know to reload ourself
 464     v3_enable_ints();
 465
 466     return 0;
 467 }
 468
 469 int v3_init_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core, v3_vm_class_t vm_class) {
 470     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = NULL;
 471     int vmx_ret = 0;
 472
 473     vmx_state = (struct vmx_data *)V3_Malloc(sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 474     memset(vmx_state, 0, sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 475
 476     PrintDebug("vmx_data pointer: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state);
 477
 478     PrintDebug("Allocating VMCS\n");
 479     vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys = allocate_vmcs();
 480
 481     PrintDebug("VMCS pointer: %p\n", (void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys));
 482
 483     core->vmm_data = vmx_state;
 484     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 485
 486     PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS (addr=%p)\n", core->vmm_data);
 487
 488     // TODO: Fix vmcs fields so they're 32-bit
 489
 490     PrintDebug("Clearing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 491     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 492
 493     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 494         PrintError("VMCLEAR failed\n");
 495         return -1;
 496     }
 497
 498     if (vm_class == V3_PC_VM) {
 499         PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS\n");
 500         if (init_vmcs_bios(core, vmx_state) == -1) {
 501             PrintError("Error initializing VMCS to BIOS state\n");
 502             return -1;
 503         }
 504     } else {
 505         PrintError("Invalid VM Class\n");
 506         return -1;
 507     }
 508
 509     PrintDebug("Serializing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 510     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 511
 512     return 0;
 513 }
 514
 515
 516 int v3_deinit_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core) {
 517     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = core->vmm_data;
 518
 519     V3_FreePages((void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys), 1);
 520     V3_FreePages(V3_PAddr(vmx_state->msr_area), 1);
 521
 522     V3_Free(vmx_state);
 523
 524     return 0;
 525 }
 526
 527
 528
 529 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
 530 /*
 531  * JRL: This is broken
 532  */
 533 int v3_vmx_save_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 534     uint64_t vmcs_ptr = vmcs_store();
 535
 536     v3_chkpt_save(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE, (void *)vmcs_ptr);
 537
 538     return 0;
 539 }
 540
 541 int v3_vmx_load_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 542     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 543     struct cr0_32 * shadow_cr0;
 544     char vmcs[PAGE_SIZE_4KB];
 545
 546     v3_chkpt_load(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE_4KB, vmcs);
 547
 548     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 549     vmcs_load((addr_t)vmcs);
 550
 551     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(core);
 552
 553     shadow_cr0 = (struct cr0_32 *)&(core->ctrl_regs.cr0);
 554
 555
 556     /* Get the CPU mode to set the guest_ia32e entry ctrl */
 557
 558     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 559         if (v3_get_vm_mem_mode(core) == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 560             if (v3_activate_shadow_pt(core) == -1) {
 561                 PrintError("Failed to activate shadow page tables\n");
 562                 return -1;
 563             }
 564         } else {
 565             if (v3_activate_passthrough_pt(core) == -1) {
 566                 PrintError("Failed to activate passthrough page tables\n");
 567                 return -1;
 568             }
 569         }
 570     }
 571
 572     return 0;
 573 }
 574 #endif
 575
 576
 577 void v3_flush_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core) {
 578     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 579     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 580     vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 581 }
 582
 583
 584
 585 static int update_irq_exit_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 586     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 587
 588     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 589
 590     if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 0)) {
 591 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 592         V3_Print("Calling v3_injecting_intr\n");
 593 #endif
 594         info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 0;
 595         v3_injecting_intr(info, info->intr_core_state.irq_vector, V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ);
 596     }
 597
 598     return 0;
 599 }
 600
 601 static int update_irq_entry_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 602     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 603     struct vmcs_interrupt_state intr_core_state;
 604     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 605
 606     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 607     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_INT_STATE, &(intr_core_state));
 608
 609     /* Check for pending exceptions to inject */
 610     if (v3_excp_pending(info)) {
 611         struct vmx_entry_int_info int_info;
 612         int_info.value = 0;
 613
 614         // In VMX, almost every exception is hardware
 615         // Software exceptions are pretty much only for breakpoint or overflow
 616         int_info.type = 3;
 617         int_info.vector = v3_get_excp_number(info);
 618
 619         if (info->excp_state.excp_error_code_valid) {
 620             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 621             int_info.error_code = 1;
 622
 623 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 624             V3_Print("Injecting exception %d with error code %x\n",
 625                     int_info.vector, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 626 #endif
 627         }
 628
 629         int_info.valid = 1;
 630 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 631         V3_Print("Injecting exception %d (EIP=%p)\n", int_info.vector, (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 632 #endif
 633         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, int_info.value);
 634
 635         v3_injecting_excp(info, int_info.vector);
 636
 637     } else if ((((struct rflags *)&(info->ctrl_regs.rflags))->intr == 1) &&
 638                (intr_core_state.val == 0)) {
 639
 640         if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 1)) {
 641
 642 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 643             V3_Print("IRQ pending from previous injection\n");
 644 #endif
 645
 646             // Copy the IDT vectoring info over to reinject the old interrupt
 647             if (idt_vec_info.error_code == 1) {
 648                 uint32_t err_code = 0;
 649
 650                 check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_ERR, &err_code);
 651                 check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, err_code);
 652             }
 653
 654             idt_vec_info.undef = 0;
 655             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, idt_vec_info.value);
 656
 657         } else {
 658             struct vmx_entry_int_info ent_int;
 659             ent_int.value = 0;
 660
 661             switch (v3_intr_pending(info)) {
 662                 case V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ: {
 663                     info->intr_core_state.irq_vector = v3_get_intr(info);
 664                     ent_int.vector = info->intr_core_state.irq_vector;
 665                     ent_int.type = 0;
 666                     ent_int.error_code = 0;
 667                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 668
 669 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 670                     V3_Print("Injecting Interrupt %d at exit %u(EIP=%p)\n",
 671                                info->intr_core_state.irq_vector,
 672                                (uint32_t)info->num_exits,
 673                                (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 674 #endif
 675
 676                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 677                     info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 1;
 678
 679                     break;
 680                 }
 681                 case V3_NMI:
 682                     PrintDebug("Injecting NMI\n");
 683
 684                     ent_int.type = 2;
 685                     ent_int.vector = 2;
 686                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 687                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 688
 689                     break;
 690                 case V3_SOFTWARE_INTR:
 691                     PrintDebug("Injecting software interrupt\n");
 692                     ent_int.type = 4;
 693
 694                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 695                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 696
 697                     break;
 698                 case V3_VIRTUAL_IRQ:
 699                     // Not sure what to do here, Intel doesn't have virtual IRQs
 700                     // May be the same as external interrupts/IRQs
 701
 702                     break;
 703                 case V3_INVALID_INTR:
 704                 default:
 705                     break;
 706             }
 707         }
 708     } else if ((v3_intr_pending(info)) && (vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit == 0)) {
 709         // Enable INTR window exiting so we know when IF=1
 710         uint32_t instr_len;
 711
 712         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &instr_len);
 713
 714 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 715         V3_Print("Enabling Interrupt-Window exiting: %d\n", instr_len);
 716 #endif
 717
 718         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 1;
 719         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 720     }
 721
 722
 723     return 0;
 724 }
 725
 726
 727
 728 static struct vmx_exit_info exit_log[10];
 729
 730 static void print_exit_log(struct guest_info * info) {
 731     int cnt = info->num_exits % 10;
 732     int i = 0;
 733
 734
 735     V3_Print("\nExit Log (%d total exits):\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
 736
 737     for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 738         struct vmx_exit_info * tmp = &exit_log[cnt];
 739
 740         V3_Print("%d:\texit_reason = %p\n", i, (void *)(addr_t)tmp->exit_reason);
 741         V3_Print("\texit_qual = %p\n", (void *)tmp->exit_qual);
 742         V3_Print("\tint_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_info);
 743         V3_Print("\tint_err = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_err);
 744         V3_Print("\tinstr_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->instr_info);
 745
 746         cnt--;
 747
 748         if (cnt == -1) {
 749             cnt = 9;
 750         }
 751
 752     }
 753
 754 }
 755
 756 /*
 757  * CAUTION and DANGER!!!
 758  *
 759  * The VMCS CANNOT(!!) be accessed outside of the cli/sti calls inside this function
 760  * When exectuing a symbiotic call, the VMCS WILL be overwritten, so any dependencies
 761  * on its contents will cause things to break. The contents at the time of the exit WILL
 762  * change before the exit handler is executed.
 763  */
 764 int v3_vmx_enter(struct guest_info * info) {
 765     int ret = 0;
 766     uint32_t tsc_offset_low, tsc_offset_high;
 767     struct vmx_exit_info exit_info;
 768     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 769
 770     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 771     v3_yield_cond(info);
 772
 773     // Perform any additional yielding needed for time adjustment
 774     v3_adjust_time(info);
 775
 776     // disable global interrupts for vm state transition
 777     v3_disable_ints();
 778
 779     // Update timer devices late after being in the VM so that as much
 780     // of hte time in the VM is accounted for as possible. Also do it before
 781     // updating IRQ entry state so that any interrupts the timers raise get
 782     // handled on the next VM entry. Must be done with interrupts disabled.
 783     v3_update_timers(info);
 784
 785     if (vmcs_store() != vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys) {
 786         vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 787         vmcs_load(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 788         vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 789     }
 790
 791     v3_vmx_restore_vmcs(info);
 792
 793
 794 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 795     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 796         update_irq_entry_state(info);
 797     }
 798 #else
 799     update_irq_entry_state(info);
 800 #endif
 801
 802     {
 803         addr_t guest_cr3;
 804         vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, &guest_cr3);
 805         vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, guest_cr3);
 806     }
 807
 808     // Perform last-minute time bookkeeping prior to entering the VM
 809     v3_time_enter_vm(info);
 810
 811     tsc_offset_high = (uint32_t)((v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) >> 32) & 0xffffffff);
 812     tsc_offset_low = (uint32_t)(v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) & 0xffffffff);
 813     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET_HIGH, tsc_offset_high);
 814     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET, tsc_offset_low);
 815
 816     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(info)) {
 817         v3_enable_ints();
 818         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 819         return -1;
 820     }
 821
 822
 823     if (vmx_info->state == VMX_UNLAUNCHED) {
 824         vmx_info->state = VMX_LAUNCHED;
 825         ret = v3_vmx_launch(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 826     } else {
 827         V3_ASSERT(vmx_info->state != VMX_UNLAUNCHED);
 828         ret = v3_vmx_resume(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 829     }
 830
 831
 832
 833     //  PrintDebug("VMX Exit: ret=%d\n", ret);
 834
 835     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 836         uint32_t error = 0;
 837         vmcs_read(VMCS_INSTR_ERR, &error);
 838
 839         v3_enable_ints();
 840
 841         PrintError("VMENTRY Error: %d (launch_ret = %d)\n", error, ret);
 842         return -1;
 843     }
 844
 845
 846
 847     // Immediate exit from VM time bookkeeping
 848     v3_time_exit_vm(info);
 849
 850     info->num_exits++;
 851
 852     /* Update guest state */
 853     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(info);
 854
 855     // info->cpl = info->segments.cs.selector & 0x3;
 856
 857     info->mem_mode = v3_get_vm_mem_mode(info);
 858     info->cpu_mode = v3_get_vm_cpu_mode(info);
 859
 860
 861     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &(exit_info.instr_len));
 862     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_INFO, &(exit_info.instr_info));
 863     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_REASON, &(exit_info.exit_reason));
 864     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_QUAL, &(exit_info.exit_qual));
 865     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_INFO, &(exit_info.int_info));
 866     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_ERR, &(exit_info.int_err));
 867     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_LINEAR_ADDR, &(exit_info.guest_linear_addr));
 868
 869     if (info->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) {
 870         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_PHYS_ADDR, &(exit_info.ept_fault_addr));
 871     }
 872
 873     //PrintDebug("VMX Exit taken, id-qual: %u-%lu\n", exit_info.exit_reason, exit_info.exit_qual);
 874
 875     exit_log[info->num_exits % 10] = exit_info;
 876
 877 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 878     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 879         update_irq_exit_state(info);
 880     }
 881 #else
 882     update_irq_exit_state(info);
 883 #endif
 884
 885     if (exit_info.exit_reason == VMEXIT_INTR_WINDOW) {
 886         // This is a special case whose only job is to inject an interrupt
 887         vmcs_read(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, &(vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value));
 888         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 0;
 889         vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 890
 891 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 892        V3_Print("Interrupts available again! (RIP=%llx)\n", info->rip);
 893 #endif
 894     }
 895
 896     // reenable global interrupts after vm exit
 897     v3_enable_ints();
 898
 899     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 900     v3_yield_cond(info);
 901
 902     if (v3_handle_vmx_exit(info, &exit_info) == -1) {
 903         PrintError("Error in VMX exit handler (Exit reason=%x)\n", exit_info.exit_reason);
 904         return -1;
 905     }
 906
 907     return 0;
 908 }
 909
 910
 911 int v3_start_vmx_guest(struct guest_info * info) {
 912
 913     PrintDebug("Starting VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 914
 915     if (info->vcpu_id == 0) {
 916         info->core_run_state = CORE_RUNNING;
 917     } else {
 918
 919         PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Waiting for core initialization\n", info->vcpu_id);
 920
 921         while (info->core_run_state == CORE_STOPPED) {
 922
 923             if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 924                 // The VM was stopped before this core was initialized.
 925                 return 0;
 926             }
 927
 928             v3_yield(info);
 929             //PrintDebug("VMX core %u: still waiting for INIT\n",info->vcpu_id);
 930         }
 931
 932         PrintDebug("VMX core %u initialized\n", info->vcpu_id);
 933
 934         // We'll be paranoid about race conditions here
 935         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 936     }
 937
 938
 939     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: I am starting at CS=0x%x (base=0x%p, limit=0x%x),  RIP=0x%p\n",
 940                info->vcpu_id, info->segments.cs.selector, (void *)(info->segments.cs.base),
 941                info->segments.cs.limit, (void *)(info->rip));
 942
 943
 944     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Launching VMX VM on logical core %u\n", info->vcpu_id, info->pcpu_id);
 945
 946     v3_start_time(info);
 947
 948     while (1) {
 949
 950         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 951             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 952             break;
 953         }
 954
 955         if (v3_vmx_enter(info) == -1) {
 956
 957             addr_t host_addr;
 958             addr_t linear_addr = 0;
 959
 960             info->vm_info->run_state = VM_ERROR;
 961
 962             V3_Print("VMX core %u: VMX ERROR!!\n", info->vcpu_id);
 963
 964             v3_print_guest_state(info);
 965
 966             V3_Print("VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 967
 968             linear_addr = get_addr_linear(info, info->rip, &(info->segments.cs));
 969
 970             if (info->mem_mode == PHYSICAL_MEM) {
 971                 v3_gpa_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 972             } else if (info->mem_mode == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 973                 v3_gva_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 974             }
 975
 976             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Host Address of rip = 0x%p\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 977
 978             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Instr (15 bytes) at %p:\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 979             v3_dump_mem((uint8_t *)host_addr, 15);
 980
 981             v3_print_stack(info);
 982
 983
 984             v3_print_vmcs();
 985             print_exit_log(info);
 986             return -1;
 987         }
 988
 989         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 990
 991
 992         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 993             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 994             break;
 995         }
 996 /*
 997         if ((info->num_exits % 5000) == 0) {
 998             V3_Print("VMX Exit number %d\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
 999         }
1000 */
1001
1002     }
1003
1004     return 0;
1005 }
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010 #define VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR     0x0000003a
1011 #define CPUID_VMX_FEATURES 0x00000005  /* LOCK and VMXON */
1012 #define CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG 0x00000020
1013
1014 int v3_is_vmx_capable() {
1015     v3_msr_t feature_msr;
1016     uint32_t eax = 0, ebx = 0, ecx = 0, edx = 0;
1017
1018     v3_cpuid(0x1, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
1019
1020     PrintDebug("ECX: 0x%x\n", ecx);
1021
1022     if (ecx & CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG) {
1023         v3_get_msr(VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR, &(feature_msr.hi), &(feature_msr.lo));
1024
1025         PrintDebug("MSRREGlow: 0x%.8x\n", feature_msr.lo);
1026
1027         if ((feature_msr.lo & CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) != CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) {
1028             PrintDebug("VMX is locked -- enable in the BIOS\n");
1029             return 0;
1030         }
1031
1032     } else {
1033         PrintDebug("VMX not supported on this cpu\n");
1034         return 0;
1035     }
1036
1037     return 1;
1038 }
1039
1040
1041 int v3_reset_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core, addr_t rip) {
1042     // init vmcs bios
1043
1044     if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
1045         (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
1046         // easy
1047         core->rip = 0;
1048         core->segments.cs.selector = rip << 8;
1049         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
1050         core->segments.cs.base = rip << 12;
1051     } else {
1052         core->vm_regs.rdx = core->vcpu_id;
1053         core->vm_regs.rbx = rip;
1054     }
1055
1056     return 0;
1057 }
1058
1059
1060
1061 void v3_init_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1062     addr_t vmx_on_region = 0;
1063
1064     if (cpu_id == 0) {
1065         if (v3_init_vmx_hw(&hw_info) == -1) {
1066             PrintError("Could not initialize VMX hardware features on cpu %d\n", cpu_id);
1067             return;
1068         }
1069     }
1070
1071     enable_vmx();
1072
1073
1074     // Setup VMXON Region
1075     vmx_on_region = allocate_vmcs();
1076
1077
1078     if (vmx_on(vmx_on_region) == VMX_SUCCESS) {
1079         V3_Print("VMX Enabled\n");
1080         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = vmx_on_region;
1081     } else {
1082         V3_Print("VMX already enabled\n");
1083         V3_FreePages((void *)vmx_on_region, 1);
1084     }
1085
1086     PrintDebug("VMXON pointer: 0x%p\n", (void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id]);
1087
1088     {
1089         struct vmx_sec_proc_ctrls sec_proc_ctrls;
1090         sec_proc_ctrls.value = v3_vmx_get_ctrl_features(&(hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls));
1091
1092         if (sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept == 0) {
1093             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging not supported\n");
1094             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_CPU;
1095         } else if (sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest == 0) {
1096             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging supported\n");
1097             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_CPU;
1098         } else {
1099             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging + Unrestricted guest supported\n");
1100             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU;
1101         }
1102     }
1103 }
1104
1105
1106 void v3_deinit_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1107     extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
1108     v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_INVALID_CPU;
1109
1110     if (host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] != 0) {
1111         V3_Print("Disabling VMX\n");
1112
1113         if (vmx_off() != VMX_SUCCESS) {
1114             PrintError("Error executing VMXOFF\n");
1115         }
1116
1117         V3_FreePages((void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id], 1);
1118
1119         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = 0;
1120     }
1121 }