palacios/src/palacios/vmx.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of the Palacios Virtual Machine Monitor developed
   3  * by the V3VEE Project with funding from the United States National
   4  * Science Foundation and the Department of Energy.
   5  *
   6  * The V3VEE Project is a joint project between Northwestern University
   7  * and the University of New Mexico.  You can find out more at
   8  * http://www.v3vee.org
   9  *
  10  * Copyright (c) 2011, Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  11  * Copyright (c) 2011, The V3VEE Project <http://www.v3vee.org>
  12  * All rights reserved.
  13  *
  14  * Author: Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  15  *
  16  * This is free software.  You are permitted to use,
  17  * redistribute, and modify it as specified in the file "V3VEE_LICENSE".
  18  */
  19
  20
  21 #include <palacios/vmx.h>
  22 #include <palacios/vmm.h>
  23 #include <palacios/vmx_handler.h>
  24 #include <palacios/vmcs.h>
  25 #include <palacios/vmx_lowlevel.h>
  26 #include <palacios/vmm_lowlevel.h>
  27 #include <palacios/vmm_ctrl_regs.h>
  28 #include <palacios/vmm_config.h>
  29 #include <palacios/vmm_time.h>
  30 #include <palacios/vm_guest_mem.h>
  31 #include <palacios/vmm_direct_paging.h>
  32 #include <palacios/vmx_io.h>
  33 #include <palacios/vmx_msr.h>
  34 #include <palacios/vmm_decoder.h>
  35 #include <palacios/vmm_barrier.h>
  36
  37 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
  38 #include <palacios/vmm_checkpoint.h>
  39 #endif
  40
  41 #include <palacios/vmx_ept.h>
  42 #include <palacios/vmx_assist.h>
  43 #include <palacios/vmx_hw_info.h>
  44
  45 #ifndef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_VMX
  46 #undef PrintDebug
  47 #define PrintDebug(fmt, args...)
  48 #endif
  49
  50
  51 /* These fields contain the hardware feature sets supported by the local CPU */
  52 static struct vmx_hw_info hw_info;
  53
  54 extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
  55
  56 static addr_t host_vmcs_ptrs[V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS] = { [0 ... V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS - 1] = 0};
  57
  58 extern int v3_vmx_launch(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  59 extern int v3_vmx_resume(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  60
  61 static int inline check_vmcs_write(vmcs_field_t field, addr_t val) {
  62     int ret = 0;
  63
  64     ret = vmcs_write(field, val);
  65
  66     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  67         PrintError("VMWRITE error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  68         return 1;
  69     }
  70
  71     return 0;
  72 }
  73
  74 static int inline check_vmcs_read(vmcs_field_t field, void * val) {
  75     int ret = 0;
  76
  77     ret = vmcs_read(field, val);
  78
  79     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  80         PrintError("VMREAD error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  81     }
  82
  83     return ret;
  84 }
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89 static addr_t allocate_vmcs() {
  90     struct vmcs_data * vmcs_page = NULL;
  91
  92     PrintDebug("Allocating page\n");
  93
  94     vmcs_page = (struct vmcs_data *)V3_VAddr(V3_AllocPages(1));
  95     memset(vmcs_page, 0, 4096);
  96
  97     vmcs_page->revision = hw_info.basic_info.revision;
  98     PrintDebug("VMX Revision: 0x%x\n", vmcs_page->revision);
  99
 100     return (addr_t)V3_PAddr((void *)vmcs_page);
 101 }
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106 static int init_vmcs_bios(struct guest_info * core, struct vmx_data * vmx_state) {
 107     int vmx_ret = 0;
 108
 109     // disable global interrupts for vm state initialization
 110     v3_disable_ints();
 111
 112     PrintDebug("Loading VMCS\n");
 113     vmx_ret = vmcs_load(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 114     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 115
 116     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 117         PrintError("VMPTRLD failed\n");
 118         return -1;
 119     }
 120
 121
 122     /*** Setup default state from HW ***/
 123
 124     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.value = hw_info.pin_ctrls.def_val;
 125     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.proc_ctrls.def_val;
 126     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.value = hw_info.exit_ctrls.def_val;
 127     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.value = hw_info.entry_ctrls.def_val;
 128     vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls.def_val;
 129
 130     /* Print Control MSRs */
 131     PrintDebug("CR0 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr0.value);
 132     PrintDebug("CR4 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr4.value);
 133
 134
 135
 136     /******* Setup Host State **********/
 137
 138     /* Cache GDTR, IDTR, and TR in host struct */
 139
 140
 141     /********** Setup VMX Control Fields ***********/
 142
 143     /* Add external interrupts, NMI exiting, and virtual NMI */
 144     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.nmi_exit = 1;
 145     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.ext_int_exit = 1;
 146
 147
 148     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.hlt_exit = 1;
 149
 150
 151     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.pause_exit = 0;
 152     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.tsc_offset = 1;
 153 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_TIME_VIRTUALIZE_TSC
 154     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.rdtsc_exit = 1;
 155 #endif
 156
 157     /* Setup IO map */
 158     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_io_bitmap = 1;
 159     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_A_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data));
 160     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_B_ADDR,
 161             (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data) + PAGE_SIZE_4KB);
 162
 163
 164     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_msr_bitmap = 1;
 165     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_MSR_BITMAP, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->msr_map.arch_data));
 166
 167
 168
 169 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 170     // Ensure host runs in 64-bit mode at each VM EXIT
 171     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.host_64_on = 1;
 172 #endif
 173
 174     // Hook all accesses to EFER register
 175     v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, EFER_MSR,
 176                 &v3_handle_efer_read,
 177                 &v3_handle_efer_write,
 178                 core);
 179
 180     // Restore host's EFER register on each VM EXIT
 181     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.ld_efer = 1;
 182
 183     // Save/restore guest's EFER register to/from VMCS on VM EXIT/ENTRY
 184     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.save_efer = 1;
 185     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.ld_efer  = 1;
 186
 187     // Cause VM_EXIT whenever CR4.VMXE or CR4.PAE bits are written
 188     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR4_MASK, CR4_VMXE | CR4_PAE);
 189
 190
 191     // Setup Guests initial PAT field
 192     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_PAT, 0x0007040600070406LL);
 193
 194     /* Setup paging */
 195     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 196         PrintDebug("Creating initial shadow page table\n");
 197
 198         if (v3_init_passthrough_pts(core) == -1) {
 199             PrintError("Could not initialize passthrough page tables\n");
 200             return -1;
 201         }
 202
 203 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 204 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 205 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 206         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 207
 208         core->ctrl_regs.cr3 = core->direct_map_pt;
 209
 210         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 211
 212         /* Add CR exits */
 213         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 1;
 214         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 1;
 215
 216         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 1;
 217
 218         /* Add page fault exits */
 219         vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1;
 220
 221         // Setup VMX Assist
 222         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 223
 224     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 225                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_CPU)) {
 226
 227 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 228 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 229 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 230         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 231
 232         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 233
 234         /* Disable CR exits */
 235         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 236         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 237
 238         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 239
 240         /* Add page fault exits */
 241         //      vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1; // This should never happen..., enabled to catch bugs
 242
 243         // Setup VMX Assist
 244         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 245
 246         /* Enable EPT */
 247         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 248         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 249
 250
 251
 252         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 253             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 254             return -1;
 255         }
 256
 257     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 258                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
 259         int i = 0;
 260         // For now we will assume that unrestricted guest mode is assured w/ EPT
 261
 262
 263         core->vm_regs.rsp = 0x00;
 264         core->rip = 0xfff0;
 265         core->vm_regs.rdx = 0x00000f00;
 266         core->ctrl_regs.rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
 267         core->ctrl_regs.cr0 = 0x00000030;
 268         core->ctrl_regs.cr4 = 0x00002010; // Enable VMX and PSE flag
 269
 270
 271         core->segments.cs.selector = 0xf000;
 272         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
 273         core->segments.cs.base = 0x0000000f0000LL;
 274
 275         // (raw attributes = 0xf3)
 276         core->segments.cs.type = 0xb;
 277         core->segments.cs.system = 0x1;
 278         core->segments.cs.dpl = 0x0;
 279         core->segments.cs.present = 1;
 280
 281
 282
 283         struct v3_segment * segregs [] = {&(core->segments.ss), &(core->segments.ds),
 284                                           &(core->segments.es), &(core->segments.fs),
 285                                           &(core->segments.gs), NULL};
 286
 287         for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
 288             struct v3_segment * seg = segregs[i];
 289
 290             seg->selector = 0x0000;
 291             //    seg->base = seg->selector << 4;
 292             seg->base = 0x00000000;
 293             seg->limit = 0xffff;
 294
 295
 296             seg->type = 0x3;
 297             seg->system = 0x1;
 298             seg->dpl = 0x0;
 299             seg->present = 1;
 300             //    seg->granularity = 1;
 301
 302         }
 303
 304
 305         core->segments.gdtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 306         core->segments.gdtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 307
 308         core->segments.idtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 309         core->segments.idtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 310
 311         core->segments.ldtr.selector = 0x0000;
 312         core->segments.ldtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 313         core->segments.ldtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 314         core->segments.ldtr.type = 0x2;
 315         core->segments.ldtr.present = 1;
 316
 317         core->segments.tr.selector = 0x0000;
 318         core->segments.tr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 319         core->segments.tr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 320         core->segments.tr.type = 0xb;
 321         core->segments.tr.present = 1;
 322
 323         //      core->dbg_regs.dr6 = 0x00000000ffff0ff0LL;
 324         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x0000000000000400LL;
 325
 326         /* Enable EPT */
 327         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 328         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 329         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest = 1; // enable unrestricted guest operation
 330
 331
 332         /* Disable shadow paging stuff */
 333         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 334         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 335
 336         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 337
 338
 339         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 340             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 341             return -1;
 342         }
 343
 344     } else {
 345         PrintError("Invalid Virtual paging mode\n");
 346         return -1;
 347     }
 348
 349
 350     // hook vmx msrs
 351
 352     // Setup SYSCALL/SYSENTER MSRs in load/store area
 353
 354     // save STAR, LSTAR, FMASK, KERNEL_GS_BASE MSRs in MSR load/store area
 355     {
 356
 357         struct vmcs_msr_save_area * msr_entries = NULL;
 358         int max_msrs = (hw_info.misc_info.max_msr_cache_size + 1) * 4;
 359         int msr_ret = 0;
 360
 361         V3_Print("Setting up MSR load/store areas (max_msr_count=%d)\n", max_msrs);
 362
 363         if (max_msrs < 4) {
 364             PrintError("Max MSR cache size is too small (%d)\n", max_msrs);
 365             return -1;
 366         }
 367
 368         vmx_state->msr_area_paddr = (addr_t)V3_AllocPages(1);
 369
 370         if (vmx_state->msr_area_paddr == (addr_t)NULL) {
 371             PrintError("could not allocate msr load/store area\n");
 372             return -1;
 373         }
 374
 375         msr_entries = (struct vmcs_msr_save_area *)V3_VAddr((void *)(vmx_state->msr_area_paddr));
 376         vmx_state->msr_area = msr_entries; // cache in vmx_info
 377
 378         memset(msr_entries, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
 379
 380         msr_entries->guest_star.index = IA32_STAR_MSR;
 381         msr_entries->guest_lstar.index = IA32_LSTAR_MSR;
 382         msr_entries->guest_fmask.index = IA32_FMASK_MSR;
 383         msr_entries->guest_kern_gs.index = IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR;
 384
 385         msr_entries->host_star.index = IA32_STAR_MSR;
 386         msr_entries->host_lstar.index = IA32_LSTAR_MSR;
 387         msr_entries->host_fmask.index = IA32_FMASK_MSR;
 388         msr_entries->host_kern_gs.index = IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR;
 389
 390         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_CNT, 4);
 391         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 392         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 393
 394         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->guest_msrs));
 395         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->guest_msrs));
 396         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(msr_entries->host_msrs));
 397
 398
 399         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_STAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 400         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_LSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 401         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_FMASK_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 402         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 403
 404
 405         // IMPORTANT: These MSRs appear to be cached by the hardware....
 406         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_CS_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 407         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_ESP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 408         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_EIP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 409
 410         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, FS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 411         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, GS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 412
 413
 414         // Not sure what to do about this... Does not appear to be an explicit hardware cache version...
 415         msr_ret |= v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_CSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 416
 417         if (msr_ret != 0) {
 418             PrintError("Error configuring MSR save/restore area\n");
 419             return -1;
 420         }
 421
 422
 423     }
 424
 425     /* Sanity check ctrl/reg fields against hw_defaults */
 426
 427
 428
 429
 430     /*** Write all the info to the VMCS ***/
 431
 432     /*
 433     {
 434         // IS THIS NECESSARY???
 435 #define DEBUGCTL_MSR 0x1d9
 436         struct v3_msr tmp_msr;
 437         v3_get_msr(DEBUGCTL_MSR, &(tmp_msr.hi), &(tmp_msr.lo));
 438         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_DBG_CTL, tmp_msr.value);
 439         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x400;
 440     }
 441     */
 442
 443 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 444     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffffffffffULL);
 445 #else
 446     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 447     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR_HIGH, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 448 #endif
 449
 450
 451
 452
 453     if (v3_update_vmcs_ctrl_fields(core)) {
 454         PrintError("Could not write control fields!\n");
 455         return -1;
 456     }
 457
 458     /*
 459     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(core)) {
 460         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 461         return -1;
 462     }
 463     */
 464
 465     // reenable global interrupts for vm state initialization now
 466     // that the vm state is initialized. If another VM kicks us off,
 467     // it'll update our vmx state so that we know to reload ourself
 468     v3_enable_ints();
 469
 470     return 0;
 471 }
 472
 473 int v3_init_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core, v3_vm_class_t vm_class) {
 474     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = NULL;
 475     int vmx_ret = 0;
 476
 477     vmx_state = (struct vmx_data *)V3_Malloc(sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 478     memset(vmx_state, 0, sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 479
 480     PrintDebug("vmx_data pointer: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state);
 481
 482     PrintDebug("Allocating VMCS\n");
 483     vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys = allocate_vmcs();
 484
 485     PrintDebug("VMCS pointer: %p\n", (void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys));
 486
 487     core->vmm_data = vmx_state;
 488     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 489
 490     PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS (addr=%p)\n", core->vmm_data);
 491
 492     // TODO: Fix vmcs fields so they're 32-bit
 493
 494     PrintDebug("Clearing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 495     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 496
 497     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 498         PrintError("VMCLEAR failed\n");
 499         return -1;
 500     }
 501
 502     if (vm_class == V3_PC_VM) {
 503         PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS\n");
 504         if (init_vmcs_bios(core, vmx_state) == -1) {
 505             PrintError("Error initializing VMCS to BIOS state\n");
 506             return -1;
 507         }
 508     } else {
 509         PrintError("Invalid VM Class\n");
 510         return -1;
 511     }
 512
 513     PrintDebug("Serializing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 514     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 515
 516     return 0;
 517 }
 518
 519
 520 int v3_deinit_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core) {
 521     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = core->vmm_data;
 522
 523     V3_FreePages((void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys), 1);
 524     V3_FreePages(V3_PAddr(vmx_state->msr_area), 1);
 525
 526     V3_Free(vmx_state);
 527
 528     return 0;
 529 }
 530
 531
 532
 533 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
 534 /*
 535  * JRL: This is broken
 536  */
 537 int v3_vmx_save_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 538     uint64_t vmcs_ptr = vmcs_store();
 539
 540     v3_chkpt_save(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE, (void *)vmcs_ptr);
 541
 542     return 0;
 543 }
 544
 545 int v3_vmx_load_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 546     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 547     struct cr0_32 * shadow_cr0;
 548     char vmcs[PAGE_SIZE_4KB];
 549
 550     v3_chkpt_load(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE_4KB, vmcs);
 551
 552     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 553     vmcs_load((addr_t)vmcs);
 554
 555     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(core);
 556
 557     shadow_cr0 = (struct cr0_32 *)&(core->ctrl_regs.cr0);
 558
 559
 560     /* Get the CPU mode to set the guest_ia32e entry ctrl */
 561
 562     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 563         if (v3_get_vm_mem_mode(core) == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 564             if (v3_activate_shadow_pt(core) == -1) {
 565                 PrintError("Failed to activate shadow page tables\n");
 566                 return -1;
 567             }
 568         } else {
 569             if (v3_activate_passthrough_pt(core) == -1) {
 570                 PrintError("Failed to activate passthrough page tables\n");
 571                 return -1;
 572             }
 573         }
 574     }
 575
 576     return 0;
 577 }
 578 #endif
 579
 580
 581 void v3_flush_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core) {
 582     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 583     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 584     vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 585 }
 586
 587
 588
 589 static int update_irq_exit_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 590     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 591
 592     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 593
 594     if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 0)) {
 595 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 596         V3_Print("Calling v3_injecting_intr\n");
 597 #endif
 598         info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 0;
 599         v3_injecting_intr(info, info->intr_core_state.irq_vector, V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ);
 600     }
 601
 602     return 0;
 603 }
 604
 605 static int update_irq_entry_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 606     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 607     struct vmcs_interrupt_state intr_core_state;
 608     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 609
 610     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 611     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_INT_STATE, &(intr_core_state));
 612
 613     /* Check for pending exceptions to inject */
 614     if (v3_excp_pending(info)) {
 615         struct vmx_entry_int_info int_info;
 616         int_info.value = 0;
 617
 618         // In VMX, almost every exception is hardware
 619         // Software exceptions are pretty much only for breakpoint or overflow
 620         int_info.type = 3;
 621         int_info.vector = v3_get_excp_number(info);
 622
 623         if (info->excp_state.excp_error_code_valid) {
 624             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 625             int_info.error_code = 1;
 626
 627 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 628             V3_Print("Injecting exception %d with error code %x\n",
 629                     int_info.vector, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 630 #endif
 631         }
 632
 633         int_info.valid = 1;
 634 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 635         V3_Print("Injecting exception %d (EIP=%p)\n", int_info.vector, (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 636 #endif
 637         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, int_info.value);
 638
 639         v3_injecting_excp(info, int_info.vector);
 640
 641     } else if ((((struct rflags *)&(info->ctrl_regs.rflags))->intr == 1) &&
 642                (intr_core_state.val == 0)) {
 643
 644         if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 1)) {
 645
 646 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 647             V3_Print("IRQ pending from previous injection\n");
 648 #endif
 649
 650             // Copy the IDT vectoring info over to reinject the old interrupt
 651             if (idt_vec_info.error_code == 1) {
 652                 uint32_t err_code = 0;
 653
 654                 check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_ERR, &err_code);
 655                 check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, err_code);
 656             }
 657
 658             idt_vec_info.undef = 0;
 659             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, idt_vec_info.value);
 660
 661         } else {
 662             struct vmx_entry_int_info ent_int;
 663             ent_int.value = 0;
 664
 665             switch (v3_intr_pending(info)) {
 666                 case V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ: {
 667                     info->intr_core_state.irq_vector = v3_get_intr(info);
 668                     ent_int.vector = info->intr_core_state.irq_vector;
 669                     ent_int.type = 0;
 670                     ent_int.error_code = 0;
 671                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 672
 673 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 674                     V3_Print("Injecting Interrupt %d at exit %u(EIP=%p)\n",
 675                                info->intr_core_state.irq_vector,
 676                                (uint32_t)info->num_exits,
 677                                (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 678 #endif
 679
 680                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 681                     info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 1;
 682
 683                     break;
 684                 }
 685                 case V3_NMI:
 686                     PrintDebug("Injecting NMI\n");
 687
 688                     ent_int.type = 2;
 689                     ent_int.vector = 2;
 690                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 691                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 692
 693                     break;
 694                 case V3_SOFTWARE_INTR:
 695                     PrintDebug("Injecting software interrupt\n");
 696                     ent_int.type = 4;
 697
 698                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 699                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 700
 701                     break;
 702                 case V3_VIRTUAL_IRQ:
 703                     // Not sure what to do here, Intel doesn't have virtual IRQs
 704                     // May be the same as external interrupts/IRQs
 705
 706                     break;
 707                 case V3_INVALID_INTR:
 708                 default:
 709                     break;
 710             }
 711         }
 712     } else if ((v3_intr_pending(info)) && (vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit == 0)) {
 713         // Enable INTR window exiting so we know when IF=1
 714         uint32_t instr_len;
 715
 716         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &instr_len);
 717
 718 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 719         V3_Print("Enabling Interrupt-Window exiting: %d\n", instr_len);
 720 #endif
 721
 722         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 1;
 723         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 724     }
 725
 726
 727     return 0;
 728 }
 729
 730
 731
 732 static struct vmx_exit_info exit_log[10];
 733
 734 static void print_exit_log(struct guest_info * info) {
 735     int cnt = info->num_exits % 10;
 736     int i = 0;
 737
 738
 739     V3_Print("\nExit Log (%d total exits):\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
 740
 741     for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 742         struct vmx_exit_info * tmp = &exit_log[cnt];
 743
 744         V3_Print("%d:\texit_reason = %p\n", i, (void *)(addr_t)tmp->exit_reason);
 745         V3_Print("\texit_qual = %p\n", (void *)tmp->exit_qual);
 746         V3_Print("\tint_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_info);
 747         V3_Print("\tint_err = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_err);
 748         V3_Print("\tinstr_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->instr_info);
 749
 750         cnt--;
 751
 752         if (cnt == -1) {
 753             cnt = 9;
 754         }
 755
 756     }
 757
 758 }
 759
 760 /*
 761  * CAUTION and DANGER!!!
 762  *
 763  * The VMCS CANNOT(!!) be accessed outside of the cli/sti calls inside this function
 764  * When exectuing a symbiotic call, the VMCS WILL be overwritten, so any dependencies
 765  * on its contents will cause things to break. The contents at the time of the exit WILL
 766  * change before the exit handler is executed.
 767  */
 768 int v3_vmx_enter(struct guest_info * info) {
 769     int ret = 0;
 770     uint32_t tsc_offset_low, tsc_offset_high;
 771     struct vmx_exit_info exit_info;
 772     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 773
 774     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 775     v3_yield_cond(info);
 776
 777     // Perform any additional yielding needed for time adjustment
 778     v3_adjust_time(info);
 779
 780     // disable global interrupts for vm state transition
 781     v3_disable_ints();
 782
 783     // Update timer devices late after being in the VM so that as much
 784     // of hte time in the VM is accounted for as possible. Also do it before
 785     // updating IRQ entry state so that any interrupts the timers raise get
 786     // handled on the next VM entry. Must be done with interrupts disabled.
 787     v3_update_timers(info);
 788
 789     if (vmcs_store() != vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys) {
 790         vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 791         vmcs_load(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 792         vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 793     }
 794
 795     v3_vmx_restore_vmcs(info);
 796
 797
 798 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 799     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 800         update_irq_entry_state(info);
 801     }
 802 #else
 803     update_irq_entry_state(info);
 804 #endif
 805
 806     {
 807         addr_t guest_cr3;
 808         vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, &guest_cr3);
 809         vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, guest_cr3);
 810     }
 811
 812     // Perform last-minute time bookkeeping prior to entering the VM
 813     v3_time_enter_vm(info);
 814
 815     tsc_offset_high = (uint32_t)((v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) >> 32) & 0xffffffff);
 816     tsc_offset_low = (uint32_t)(v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) & 0xffffffff);
 817     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET_HIGH, tsc_offset_high);
 818     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET, tsc_offset_low);
 819
 820     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(info)) {
 821         v3_enable_ints();
 822         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 823         return -1;
 824     }
 825
 826
 827     if (vmx_info->state == VMX_UNLAUNCHED) {
 828         vmx_info->state = VMX_LAUNCHED;
 829         ret = v3_vmx_launch(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 830     } else {
 831         V3_ASSERT(vmx_info->state != VMX_UNLAUNCHED);
 832         ret = v3_vmx_resume(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 833     }
 834
 835
 836
 837     //  PrintDebug("VMX Exit: ret=%d\n", ret);
 838
 839     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 840         uint32_t error = 0;
 841         vmcs_read(VMCS_INSTR_ERR, &error);
 842
 843         v3_enable_ints();
 844
 845         PrintError("VMENTRY Error: %d (launch_ret = %d)\n", error, ret);
 846         return -1;
 847     }
 848
 849
 850
 851     // Immediate exit from VM time bookkeeping
 852     v3_time_exit_vm(info);
 853
 854     info->num_exits++;
 855
 856     /* Update guest state */
 857     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(info);
 858
 859     // info->cpl = info->segments.cs.selector & 0x3;
 860
 861     info->mem_mode = v3_get_vm_mem_mode(info);
 862     info->cpu_mode = v3_get_vm_cpu_mode(info);
 863
 864
 865     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &(exit_info.instr_len));
 866     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_INFO, &(exit_info.instr_info));
 867     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_REASON, &(exit_info.exit_reason));
 868     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_QUAL, &(exit_info.exit_qual));
 869     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_INFO, &(exit_info.int_info));
 870     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_ERR, &(exit_info.int_err));
 871     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_LINEAR_ADDR, &(exit_info.guest_linear_addr));
 872
 873     if (info->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) {
 874         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_PHYS_ADDR, &(exit_info.ept_fault_addr));
 875     }
 876
 877     //PrintDebug("VMX Exit taken, id-qual: %u-%lu\n", exit_info.exit_reason, exit_info.exit_qual);
 878
 879     exit_log[info->num_exits % 10] = exit_info;
 880
 881 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 882     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 883         update_irq_exit_state(info);
 884     }
 885 #else
 886     update_irq_exit_state(info);
 887 #endif
 888
 889     if (exit_info.exit_reason == VMEXIT_INTR_WINDOW) {
 890         // This is a special case whose only job is to inject an interrupt
 891         vmcs_read(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, &(vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value));
 892         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 0;
 893         vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 894
 895 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 896        V3_Print("Interrupts available again! (RIP=%llx)\n", info->rip);
 897 #endif
 898     }
 899
 900     // reenable global interrupts after vm exit
 901     v3_enable_ints();
 902
 903     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 904     v3_yield_cond(info);
 905
 906     if (v3_handle_vmx_exit(info, &exit_info) == -1) {
 907         PrintError("Error in VMX exit handler (Exit reason=%x)\n", exit_info.exit_reason);
 908         return -1;
 909     }
 910
 911     return 0;
 912 }
 913
 914
 915 int v3_start_vmx_guest(struct guest_info * info) {
 916
 917     PrintDebug("Starting VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 918
 919     if (info->vcpu_id == 0) {
 920         info->core_run_state = CORE_RUNNING;
 921     } else {
 922
 923         PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Waiting for core initialization\n", info->vcpu_id);
 924
 925         while (info->core_run_state == CORE_STOPPED) {
 926
 927             if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 928                 // The VM was stopped before this core was initialized.
 929                 return 0;
 930             }
 931
 932             v3_yield(info);
 933             //PrintDebug("VMX core %u: still waiting for INIT\n",info->vcpu_id);
 934         }
 935
 936         PrintDebug("VMX core %u initialized\n", info->vcpu_id);
 937
 938         // We'll be paranoid about race conditions here
 939         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 940     }
 941
 942
 943     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: I am starting at CS=0x%x (base=0x%p, limit=0x%x),  RIP=0x%p\n",
 944                info->vcpu_id, info->segments.cs.selector, (void *)(info->segments.cs.base),
 945                info->segments.cs.limit, (void *)(info->rip));
 946
 947
 948     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Launching VMX VM on logical core %u\n", info->vcpu_id, info->pcpu_id);
 949
 950     v3_start_time(info);
 951
 952     while (1) {
 953
 954         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 955             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 956             break;
 957         }
 958
 959         if (v3_vmx_enter(info) == -1) {
 960
 961             addr_t host_addr;
 962             addr_t linear_addr = 0;
 963
 964             info->vm_info->run_state = VM_ERROR;
 965
 966             V3_Print("VMX core %u: VMX ERROR!!\n", info->vcpu_id);
 967
 968             v3_print_guest_state(info);
 969
 970             V3_Print("VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 971
 972             linear_addr = get_addr_linear(info, info->rip, &(info->segments.cs));
 973
 974             if (info->mem_mode == PHYSICAL_MEM) {
 975                 v3_gpa_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 976             } else if (info->mem_mode == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 977                 v3_gva_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 978             }
 979
 980             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Host Address of rip = 0x%p\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 981
 982             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Instr (15 bytes) at %p:\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 983             v3_dump_mem((uint8_t *)host_addr, 15);
 984
 985             v3_print_stack(info);
 986
 987
 988             v3_print_vmcs();
 989             print_exit_log(info);
 990             return -1;
 991         }
 992
 993         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 994
 995
 996         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 997             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 998             break;
 999         }
1000 /*
1001         if ((info->num_exits % 5000) == 0) {
1002             V3_Print("VMX Exit number %d\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
1003         }
1004 */
1005
1006     }
1007
1008     return 0;
1009 }
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014 #define VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR     0x0000003a
1015 #define CPUID_VMX_FEATURES 0x00000005  /* LOCK and VMXON */
1016 #define CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG 0x00000020
1017
1018 int v3_is_vmx_capable() {
1019     v3_msr_t feature_msr;
1020     uint32_t eax = 0, ebx = 0, ecx = 0, edx = 0;
1021
1022     v3_cpuid(0x1, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
1023
1024     PrintDebug("ECX: 0x%x\n", ecx);
1025
1026     if (ecx & CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG) {
1027         v3_get_msr(VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR, &(feature_msr.hi), &(feature_msr.lo));
1028
1029         PrintDebug("MSRREGlow: 0x%.8x\n", feature_msr.lo);
1030
1031         if ((feature_msr.lo & CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) != CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) {
1032             PrintDebug("VMX is locked -- enable in the BIOS\n");
1033             return 0;
1034         }
1035
1036     } else {
1037         PrintDebug("VMX not supported on this cpu\n");
1038         return 0;
1039     }
1040
1041     return 1;
1042 }
1043
1044
1045 int v3_reset_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core, addr_t rip) {
1046     // init vmcs bios
1047
1048     if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
1049         (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
1050         // easy
1051         core->rip = 0;
1052         core->segments.cs.selector = rip << 8;
1053         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
1054         core->segments.cs.base = rip << 12;
1055     } else {
1056         core->vm_regs.rdx = core->vcpu_id;
1057         core->vm_regs.rbx = rip;
1058     }
1059
1060     return 0;
1061 }
1062
1063
1064
1065 void v3_init_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1066     addr_t vmx_on_region = 0;
1067
1068     if (cpu_id == 0) {
1069         if (v3_init_vmx_hw(&hw_info) == -1) {
1070             PrintError("Could not initialize VMX hardware features on cpu %d\n", cpu_id);
1071             return;
1072         }
1073     }
1074
1075     enable_vmx();
1076
1077
1078     // Setup VMXON Region
1079     vmx_on_region = allocate_vmcs();
1080
1081
1082     if (vmx_on(vmx_on_region) == VMX_SUCCESS) {
1083         V3_Print("VMX Enabled\n");
1084         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = vmx_on_region;
1085     } else {
1086         V3_Print("VMX already enabled\n");
1087         V3_FreePages((void *)vmx_on_region, 1);
1088     }
1089
1090     PrintDebug("VMXON pointer: 0x%p\n", (void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id]);
1091
1092     {
1093         struct vmx_sec_proc_ctrls sec_proc_ctrls;
1094         sec_proc_ctrls.value = v3_vmx_get_ctrl_features(&(hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls));
1095
1096         if (sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept == 0) {
1097             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging not supported\n");
1098             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_CPU;
1099         } else if (sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest == 0) {
1100             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging supported\n");
1101             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_CPU;
1102         } else {
1103             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging + Unrestricted guest supported\n");
1104             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU;
1105         }
1106     }
1107 }
1108
1109
1110 void v3_deinit_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1111     extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
1112     v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_INVALID_CPU;
1113
1114     if (host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] != 0) {
1115         V3_Print("Disabling VMX\n");
1116
1117         if (vmx_off() != VMX_SUCCESS) {
1118             PrintError("Error executing VMXOFF\n");
1119         }
1120
1121         V3_FreePages((void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id], 1);
1122
1123         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = 0;
1124     }
1125 }