palacios/src/palacios/vmx.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of the Palacios Virtual Machine Monitor developed
   3  * by the V3VEE Project with funding from the United States National
   4  * Science Foundation and the Department of Energy.
   5  *
   6  * The V3VEE Project is a joint project between Northwestern University
   7  * and the University of New Mexico.  You can find out more at
   8  * http://www.v3vee.org
   9  *
  10  * Copyright (c) 2011, Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  11  * Copyright (c) 2011, The V3VEE Project <http://www.v3vee.org>
  12  * All rights reserved.
  13  *
  14  * Author: Jack Lange <jarusl@cs.northwestern.edu>
  15  *
  16  * This is free software.  You are permitted to use,
  17  * redistribute, and modify it as specified in the file "V3VEE_LICENSE".
  18  */
  19
  20
  21 #include <palacios/vmx.h>
  22 #include <palacios/vmm.h>
  23 #include <palacios/vmx_handler.h>
  24 #include <palacios/vmcs.h>
  25 #include <palacios/vmx_lowlevel.h>
  26 #include <palacios/vmm_lowlevel.h>
  27 #include <palacios/vmm_ctrl_regs.h>
  28 #include <palacios/vmm_config.h>
  29 #include <palacios/vmm_time.h>
  30 #include <palacios/vm_guest_mem.h>
  31 #include <palacios/vmm_direct_paging.h>
  32 #include <palacios/vmx_io.h>
  33 #include <palacios/vmx_msr.h>
  34 #include <palacios/vmm_decoder.h>
  35 #include <palacios/vmm_barrier.h>
  36
  37 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
  38 #include <palacios/vmm_checkpoint.h>
  39 #endif
  40
  41 #include <palacios/vmx_ept.h>
  42 #include <palacios/vmx_assist.h>
  43 #include <palacios/vmx_hw_info.h>
  44
  45 #ifndef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_VMX
  46 #undef PrintDebug
  47 #define PrintDebug(fmt, args...)
  48 #endif
  49
  50
  51 /* These fields contain the hardware feature sets supported by the local CPU */
  52 static struct vmx_hw_info hw_info;
  53
  54 extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
  55
  56 static addr_t host_vmcs_ptrs[V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS] = { [0 ... V3_CONFIG_MAX_CPUS - 1] = 0};
  57
  58 extern int v3_vmx_launch(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  59 extern int v3_vmx_resume(struct v3_gprs * vm_regs, struct guest_info * info, struct v3_ctrl_regs * ctrl_regs);
  60
  61 static int inline check_vmcs_write(vmcs_field_t field, addr_t val) {
  62     int ret = 0;
  63
  64     ret = vmcs_write(field, val);
  65
  66     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  67         PrintError("VMWRITE error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  68         return 1;
  69     }
  70
  71     return 0;
  72 }
  73
  74 static int inline check_vmcs_read(vmcs_field_t field, void * val) {
  75     int ret = 0;
  76
  77     ret = vmcs_read(field, val);
  78
  79     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
  80         PrintError("VMREAD error on %s!: %d\n", v3_vmcs_field_to_str(field), ret);
  81     }
  82
  83     return ret;
  84 }
  85
  86
  87
  88
  89 static addr_t allocate_vmcs() {
  90     struct vmcs_data * vmcs_page = NULL;
  91
  92     PrintDebug("Allocating page\n");
  93
  94     vmcs_page = (struct vmcs_data *)V3_VAddr(V3_AllocPages(1));
  95     memset(vmcs_page, 0, 4096);
  96
  97     vmcs_page->revision = hw_info.basic_info.revision;
  98     PrintDebug("VMX Revision: 0x%x\n", vmcs_page->revision);
  99
 100     return (addr_t)V3_PAddr((void *)vmcs_page);
 101 }
 102
 103
 104
 105
 106 static int init_vmcs_bios(struct guest_info * core, struct vmx_data * vmx_state) {
 107     int vmx_ret = 0;
 108
 109     // disable global interrupts for vm state initialization
 110     v3_disable_ints();
 111
 112     PrintDebug("Loading VMCS\n");
 113     vmx_ret = vmcs_load(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 114     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 115
 116     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 117         PrintError("VMPTRLD failed\n");
 118         return -1;
 119     }
 120
 121
 122     /*** Setup default state from HW ***/
 123
 124     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.value = hw_info.pin_ctrls.def_val;
 125     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.proc_ctrls.def_val;
 126     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.value = hw_info.exit_ctrls.def_val;
 127     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.value = hw_info.entry_ctrls.def_val;
 128     vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.value = hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls.def_val;
 129
 130     /* Print Control MSRs */
 131     PrintDebug("CR0 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr0.value);
 132     PrintDebug("CR4 MSR: %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)hw_info.cr4.value);
 133
 134
 135
 136     /******* Setup Host State **********/
 137
 138     /* Cache GDTR, IDTR, and TR in host struct */
 139
 140
 141     /********** Setup VMX Control Fields ***********/
 142
 143     /* Add external interrupts, NMI exiting, and virtual NMI */
 144     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.nmi_exit = 1;
 145     vmx_state->pin_ctrls.ext_int_exit = 1;
 146
 147
 148     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.hlt_exit = 1;
 149
 150
 151     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.pause_exit = 0;
 152     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.tsc_offset = 1;
 153 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_TIME_VIRTUALIZE_TSC
 154     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.rdtsc_exit = 1;
 155 #endif
 156
 157     /* Setup IO map */
 158     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_io_bitmap = 1;
 159     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_A_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data));
 160     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_IO_BITMAP_B_ADDR,
 161             (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->io_map.arch_data) + PAGE_SIZE_4KB);
 162
 163
 164     vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.use_msr_bitmap = 1;
 165     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_MSR_BITMAP, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(core->vm_info->msr_map.arch_data));
 166
 167
 168
 169 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 170     // Ensure host runs in 64-bit mode at each VM EXIT
 171     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.host_64_on = 1;
 172 #endif
 173
 174     // Hook all accesses to EFER register
 175     v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, EFER_MSR,
 176                 &v3_handle_efer_read,
 177                 &v3_handle_efer_write,
 178                 core);
 179
 180     // Restore host's EFER register on each VM EXIT
 181     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.ld_efer = 1;
 182
 183     // Save/restore guest's EFER register to/from VMCS on VM EXIT/ENTRY
 184     vmx_state->exit_ctrls.save_efer = 1;
 185     vmx_state->entry_ctrls.ld_efer  = 1;
 186
 187     // Cause VM_EXIT whenever CR4.VMXE or CR4.PAE bits are written
 188     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR4_MASK, CR4_VMXE | CR4_PAE);
 189
 190
 191     /* Setup paging */
 192     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 193         PrintDebug("Creating initial shadow page table\n");
 194
 195         if (v3_init_passthrough_pts(core) == -1) {
 196             PrintError("Could not initialize passthrough page tables\n");
 197             return -1;
 198         }
 199
 200 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 201 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 202 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 203         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 204
 205         core->ctrl_regs.cr3 = core->direct_map_pt;
 206
 207         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 208
 209         /* Add CR exits */
 210         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 1;
 211         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 1;
 212
 213         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 1;
 214
 215         /* Add page fault exits */
 216         vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1;
 217
 218         // Setup VMX Assist
 219         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 220
 221     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 222                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_CPU)) {
 223
 224 #define CR0_PE 0x00000001
 225 #define CR0_PG 0x80000000
 226 #define CR0_WP 0x00010000 // To ensure mem hooks work
 227         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_CR0_MASK, (CR0_PE | CR0_PG | CR0_WP));
 228
 229         // vmx_state->pinbased_ctrls |= NMI_EXIT;
 230
 231         /* Disable CR exits */
 232         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 233         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 234
 235         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 236
 237         /* Add page fault exits */
 238         //      vmx_state->excp_bmap.pf = 1; // This should never happen..., enabled to catch bugs
 239
 240         // Setup VMX Assist
 241         v3_vmxassist_init(core, vmx_state);
 242
 243         /* Enable EPT */
 244         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 245         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 246
 247
 248
 249         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 250             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 251             return -1;
 252         }
 253
 254     } else if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
 255                (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
 256         int i = 0;
 257         // For now we will assume that unrestricted guest mode is assured w/ EPT
 258
 259
 260         core->vm_regs.rsp = 0x00;
 261         core->rip = 0xfff0;
 262         core->vm_regs.rdx = 0x00000f00;
 263         core->ctrl_regs.rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
 264         core->ctrl_regs.cr0 = 0x60010010; // Set the WP flag so the memory hooks work in real-mode
 265
 266
 267         core->segments.cs.selector = 0xf000;
 268         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
 269         core->segments.cs.base = 0x0000000f0000LL;
 270
 271         // (raw attributes = 0xf3)
 272         core->segments.cs.type = 0xb;
 273         core->segments.cs.system = 0x1;
 274         core->segments.cs.dpl = 0x0;
 275         core->segments.cs.present = 1;
 276
 277
 278
 279         struct v3_segment * segregs [] = {&(core->segments.ss), &(core->segments.ds),
 280                                           &(core->segments.es), &(core->segments.fs),
 281                                           &(core->segments.gs), NULL};
 282
 283         for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
 284             struct v3_segment * seg = segregs[i];
 285
 286             seg->selector = 0x0000;
 287             //    seg->base = seg->selector << 4;
 288             seg->base = 0x00000000;
 289             seg->limit = 0xffff;
 290
 291
 292             seg->type = 0x3;
 293             seg->system = 0x1;
 294             seg->dpl = 0x0;
 295             seg->present = 1;
 296             //    seg->granularity = 1;
 297
 298         }
 299
 300
 301         core->segments.gdtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 302         core->segments.gdtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 303
 304         core->segments.idtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 305         core->segments.idtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 306
 307         core->segments.ldtr.selector = 0x0000;
 308         core->segments.ldtr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 309         core->segments.ldtr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 310         core->segments.ldtr.type = 2;
 311         core->segments.ldtr.present = 1;
 312
 313         core->segments.tr.selector = 0x0000;
 314         core->segments.tr.limit = 0x0000ffff;
 315         core->segments.tr.base = 0x0000000000000000LL;
 316         core->segments.tr.type = 0xb;
 317         core->segments.tr.present = 1;
 318
 319         //      core->dbg_regs.dr6 = 0x00000000ffff0ff0LL;
 320         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x0000000000000400LL;
 321
 322         /* Enable EPT */
 323         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.sec_ctrls = 1; // Enable secondary proc controls
 324         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept = 1; // enable EPT paging
 325         vmx_state->sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest = 1; // enable unrestricted guest operation
 326
 327
 328         /* Disable shadow paging stuff */
 329         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_ld_exit = 0;
 330         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.cr3_str_exit = 0;
 331
 332         vmx_state->pri_proc_ctrls.invlpg_exit = 0;
 333
 334
 335         if (v3_init_ept(core, &hw_info) == -1) {
 336             PrintError("Error initializing EPT\n");
 337             return -1;
 338         }
 339
 340     } else {
 341         PrintError("Invalid Virtual paging mode\n");
 342         return -1;
 343     }
 344
 345
 346     // hook vmx msrs
 347
 348     // Setup SYSCALL/SYSENTER MSRs in load/store area
 349
 350     // save STAR, LSTAR, FMASK, KERNEL_GS_BASE MSRs in MSR load/store area
 351     {
 352         int msr_ret = 0;
 353
 354         struct vmcs_msr_entry * exit_store_msrs = NULL;
 355         struct vmcs_msr_entry * exit_load_msrs = NULL;
 356         struct vmcs_msr_entry * entry_load_msrs = NULL;;
 357         int max_msrs = (hw_info.misc_info.max_msr_cache_size + 1) * 4;
 358
 359         V3_Print("Setting up MSR load/store areas (max_msr_count=%d)\n", max_msrs);
 360
 361         if (max_msrs < 4) {
 362             PrintError("Max MSR cache size is too small (%d)\n", max_msrs);
 363             return -1;
 364         }
 365
 366         vmx_state->msr_area = V3_VAddr(V3_AllocPages(1));
 367
 368         if (vmx_state->msr_area == NULL) {
 369             PrintError("could not allocate msr load/store area\n");
 370             return -1;
 371         }
 372
 373         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_CNT, 4);
 374         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 375         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_CNT, 4);
 376
 377
 378         exit_store_msrs = (struct vmcs_msr_entry *)(vmx_state->msr_area);
 379         exit_load_msrs = (struct vmcs_msr_entry *)(vmx_state->msr_area + (sizeof(struct vmcs_msr_entry) * 4));
 380         entry_load_msrs = (struct vmcs_msr_entry *)(vmx_state->msr_area + (sizeof(struct vmcs_msr_entry) * 8));
 381
 382
 383         exit_store_msrs[0].index = IA32_STAR_MSR;
 384         exit_store_msrs[1].index = IA32_LSTAR_MSR;
 385         exit_store_msrs[2].index = IA32_FMASK_MSR;
 386         exit_store_msrs[3].index = IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR;
 387
 388         memcpy(exit_store_msrs, exit_load_msrs, sizeof(struct vmcs_msr_entry) * 4);
 389         memcpy(exit_store_msrs, entry_load_msrs, sizeof(struct vmcs_msr_entry) * 4);
 390
 391
 392         v3_get_msr(IA32_STAR_MSR, &(exit_load_msrs[0].hi), &(exit_load_msrs[0].lo));
 393         v3_get_msr(IA32_LSTAR_MSR, &(exit_load_msrs[1].hi), &(exit_load_msrs[1].lo));
 394         v3_get_msr(IA32_FMASK_MSR, &(exit_load_msrs[2].hi), &(exit_load_msrs[2].lo));
 395         v3_get_msr(IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR, &(exit_load_msrs[3].hi), &(exit_load_msrs[3].lo));
 396
 397         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_STORE_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(exit_store_msrs));
 398         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_EXIT_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(exit_load_msrs));
 399         msr_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_MSR_LOAD_ADDR, (addr_t)V3_PAddr(entry_load_msrs));
 400
 401
 402         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_STAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 403         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_LSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 404         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_FMASK_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 405         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_KERN_GS_BASE_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 406
 407
 408         // IMPORTANT: These SYSCALL MSRs are currently not handled by hardware or cached
 409         // We should really emulate these ourselves, or ideally include them in the MSR store area if there is room
 410         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, IA32_CSTAR_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 411         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_CS_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 412         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_ESP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 413         v3_hook_msr(core->vm_info, SYSENTER_EIP_MSR, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 414     }
 415
 416     /* Sanity check ctrl/reg fields against hw_defaults */
 417
 418
 419
 420
 421     /*** Write all the info to the VMCS ***/
 422
 423     /*
 424     {
 425         // IS THIS NECESSARY???
 426 #define DEBUGCTL_MSR 0x1d9
 427         struct v3_msr tmp_msr;
 428         v3_get_msr(DEBUGCTL_MSR, &(tmp_msr.hi), &(tmp_msr.lo));
 429         vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_DBG_CTL, tmp_msr.value);
 430         core->dbg_regs.dr7 = 0x400;
 431     }
 432     */
 433
 434 #ifdef __V3_64BIT__
 435     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffffffffffULL);
 436 #else
 437     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 438     vmx_ret |= check_vmcs_write(VMCS_LINK_PTR_HIGH, (addr_t)0xffffffffUL);
 439 #endif
 440
 441
 442
 443
 444     if (v3_update_vmcs_ctrl_fields(core)) {
 445         PrintError("Could not write control fields!\n");
 446         return -1;
 447     }
 448
 449     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(core)) {
 450         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 451         return -1;
 452     }
 453
 454     // reenable global interrupts for vm state initialization now
 455     // that the vm state is initialized. If another VM kicks us off,
 456     // it'll update our vmx state so that we know to reload ourself
 457     v3_enable_ints();
 458
 459     return 0;
 460 }
 461
 462 int v3_init_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core, v3_vm_class_t vm_class) {
 463     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = NULL;
 464     int vmx_ret = 0;
 465
 466     vmx_state = (struct vmx_data *)V3_Malloc(sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 467     memset(vmx_state, 0, sizeof(struct vmx_data));
 468
 469     PrintDebug("vmx_data pointer: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state);
 470
 471     PrintDebug("Allocating VMCS\n");
 472     vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys = allocate_vmcs();
 473
 474     PrintDebug("VMCS pointer: %p\n", (void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys));
 475
 476     core->vmm_data = vmx_state;
 477     vmx_state->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 478
 479     PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS (addr=%p)\n", core->vmm_data);
 480
 481     // TODO: Fix vmcs fields so they're 32-bit
 482
 483     PrintDebug("Clearing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 484     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 485
 486     if (vmx_ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 487         PrintError("VMCLEAR failed\n");
 488         return -1;
 489     }
 490
 491     if (vm_class == V3_PC_VM) {
 492         PrintDebug("Initializing VMCS\n");
 493         if (init_vmcs_bios(core, vmx_state) == -1) {
 494             PrintError("Error initializing VMCS to BIOS state\n");
 495             return -1;
 496         }
 497     } else {
 498         PrintError("Invalid VM Class\n");
 499         return -1;
 500     }
 501
 502     PrintDebug("Serializing VMCS: %p\n", (void *)vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 503     vmx_ret = vmcs_clear(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 504
 505     return 0;
 506 }
 507
 508
 509 int v3_deinit_vmx_vmcs(struct guest_info * core) {
 510     struct vmx_data * vmx_state = core->vmm_data;
 511
 512     V3_FreePages((void *)(vmx_state->vmcs_ptr_phys), 1);
 513     V3_FreePages(V3_PAddr(vmx_state->msr_area), 1);
 514
 515     V3_Free(vmx_state);
 516
 517     return 0;
 518 }
 519
 520
 521
 522 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_CHECKPOINT
 523 /*
 524  * JRL: This is broken
 525  */
 526 int v3_vmx_save_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 527     uint64_t vmcs_ptr = vmcs_store();
 528
 529     v3_chkpt_save(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE, (void *)vmcs_ptr);
 530
 531     return 0;
 532 }
 533
 534 int v3_vmx_load_core(struct guest_info * core, void * ctx){
 535     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 536     struct cr0_32 * shadow_cr0;
 537     char vmcs[PAGE_SIZE_4KB];
 538
 539     v3_chkpt_load(ctx, "vmcs_data", PAGE_SIZE_4KB, vmcs);
 540
 541     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 542     vmcs_load((addr_t)vmcs);
 543
 544     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(core);
 545
 546     shadow_cr0 = (struct cr0_32 *)&(core->ctrl_regs.cr0);
 547
 548
 549     /* Get the CPU mode to set the guest_ia32e entry ctrl */
 550
 551     if (core->shdw_pg_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
 552         if (v3_get_vm_mem_mode(core) == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 553             if (v3_activate_shadow_pt(core) == -1) {
 554                 PrintError("Failed to activate shadow page tables\n");
 555                 return -1;
 556             }
 557         } else {
 558             if (v3_activate_passthrough_pt(core) == -1) {
 559                 PrintError("Failed to activate passthrough page tables\n");
 560                 return -1;
 561             }
 562         }
 563     }
 564
 565     return 0;
 566 }
 567 #endif
 568
 569
 570 void v3_flush_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core) {
 571     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(core->vmm_data);
 572     vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 573     vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 574 }
 575
 576
 577
 578 static int update_irq_exit_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 579     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 580
 581     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 582
 583     if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 0)) {
 584 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 585         V3_Print("Calling v3_injecting_intr\n");
 586 #endif
 587         info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 0;
 588         v3_injecting_intr(info, info->intr_core_state.irq_vector, V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ);
 589     }
 590
 591     return 0;
 592 }
 593
 594 static int update_irq_entry_state(struct guest_info * info) {
 595     struct vmx_exit_idt_vec_info idt_vec_info;
 596     struct vmcs_interrupt_state intr_core_state;
 597     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 598
 599     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_INFO, &(idt_vec_info.value));
 600     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_INT_STATE, &(intr_core_state));
 601
 602     /* Check for pending exceptions to inject */
 603     if (v3_excp_pending(info)) {
 604         struct vmx_entry_int_info int_info;
 605         int_info.value = 0;
 606
 607         // In VMX, almost every exception is hardware
 608         // Software exceptions are pretty much only for breakpoint or overflow
 609         int_info.type = 3;
 610         int_info.vector = v3_get_excp_number(info);
 611
 612         if (info->excp_state.excp_error_code_valid) {
 613             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 614             int_info.error_code = 1;
 615
 616 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 617             V3_Print("Injecting exception %d with error code %x\n",
 618                     int_info.vector, info->excp_state.excp_error_code);
 619 #endif
 620         }
 621
 622         int_info.valid = 1;
 623 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 624         V3_Print("Injecting exception %d (EIP=%p)\n", int_info.vector, (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 625 #endif
 626         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, int_info.value);
 627
 628         v3_injecting_excp(info, int_info.vector);
 629
 630     } else if ((((struct rflags *)&(info->ctrl_regs.rflags))->intr == 1) &&
 631                (intr_core_state.val == 0)) {
 632
 633         if ((info->intr_core_state.irq_started == 1) && (idt_vec_info.valid == 1)) {
 634
 635 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 636             V3_Print("IRQ pending from previous injection\n");
 637 #endif
 638
 639             // Copy the IDT vectoring info over to reinject the old interrupt
 640             if (idt_vec_info.error_code == 1) {
 641                 uint32_t err_code = 0;
 642
 643                 check_vmcs_read(VMCS_IDT_VECTOR_ERR, &err_code);
 644                 check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_EXCP_ERR, err_code);
 645             }
 646
 647             idt_vec_info.undef = 0;
 648             check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, idt_vec_info.value);
 649
 650         } else {
 651             struct vmx_entry_int_info ent_int;
 652             ent_int.value = 0;
 653
 654             switch (v3_intr_pending(info)) {
 655                 case V3_EXTERNAL_IRQ: {
 656                     info->intr_core_state.irq_vector = v3_get_intr(info);
 657                     ent_int.vector = info->intr_core_state.irq_vector;
 658                     ent_int.type = 0;
 659                     ent_int.error_code = 0;
 660                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 661
 662 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 663                     V3_Print("Injecting Interrupt %d at exit %u(EIP=%p)\n",
 664                                info->intr_core_state.irq_vector,
 665                                (uint32_t)info->num_exits,
 666                                (void *)(addr_t)info->rip);
 667 #endif
 668
 669                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 670                     info->intr_core_state.irq_started = 1;
 671
 672                     break;
 673                 }
 674                 case V3_NMI:
 675                     PrintDebug("Injecting NMI\n");
 676
 677                     ent_int.type = 2;
 678                     ent_int.vector = 2;
 679                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 680                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 681
 682                     break;
 683                 case V3_SOFTWARE_INTR:
 684                     PrintDebug("Injecting software interrupt\n");
 685                     ent_int.type = 4;
 686
 687                     ent_int.valid = 1;
 688                     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_ENTRY_INT_INFO, ent_int.value);
 689
 690                     break;
 691                 case V3_VIRTUAL_IRQ:
 692                     // Not sure what to do here, Intel doesn't have virtual IRQs
 693                     // May be the same as external interrupts/IRQs
 694
 695                     break;
 696                 case V3_INVALID_INTR:
 697                 default:
 698                     break;
 699             }
 700         }
 701     } else if ((v3_intr_pending(info)) && (vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit == 0)) {
 702         // Enable INTR window exiting so we know when IF=1
 703         uint32_t instr_len;
 704
 705         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &instr_len);
 706
 707 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 708         V3_Print("Enabling Interrupt-Window exiting: %d\n", instr_len);
 709 #endif
 710
 711         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 1;
 712         check_vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 713     }
 714
 715
 716     return 0;
 717 }
 718
 719
 720
 721 static struct vmx_exit_info exit_log[10];
 722
 723 static void print_exit_log(struct guest_info * info) {
 724     int cnt = info->num_exits % 10;
 725     int i = 0;
 726
 727
 728     V3_Print("\nExit Log (%d total exits):\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
 729
 730     for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
 731         struct vmx_exit_info * tmp = &exit_log[cnt];
 732
 733         V3_Print("%d:\texit_reason = %p\n", i, (void *)(addr_t)tmp->exit_reason);
 734         V3_Print("\texit_qual = %p\n", (void *)tmp->exit_qual);
 735         V3_Print("\tint_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_info);
 736         V3_Print("\tint_err = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->int_err);
 737         V3_Print("\tinstr_info = %p\n", (void *)(addr_t)tmp->instr_info);
 738
 739         cnt--;
 740
 741         if (cnt == -1) {
 742             cnt = 9;
 743         }
 744
 745     }
 746
 747 }
 748
 749 /*
 750  * CAUTION and DANGER!!!
 751  *
 752  * The VMCS CANNOT(!!) be accessed outside of the cli/sti calls inside this function
 753  * When exectuing a symbiotic call, the VMCS WILL be overwritten, so any dependencies
 754  * on its contents will cause things to break. The contents at the time of the exit WILL
 755  * change before the exit handler is executed.
 756  */
 757 int v3_vmx_enter(struct guest_info * info) {
 758     int ret = 0;
 759     uint32_t tsc_offset_low, tsc_offset_high;
 760     struct vmx_exit_info exit_info;
 761     struct vmx_data * vmx_info = (struct vmx_data *)(info->vmm_data);
 762
 763     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 764     v3_yield_cond(info);
 765
 766     // Perform any additional yielding needed for time adjustment
 767     v3_adjust_time(info);
 768
 769     // disable global interrupts for vm state transition
 770     v3_disable_ints();
 771
 772     // Update timer devices late after being in the VM so that as much
 773     // of hte time in the VM is accounted for as possible. Also do it before
 774     // updating IRQ entry state so that any interrupts the timers raise get
 775     // handled on the next VM entry. Must be done with interrupts disabled.
 776     v3_update_timers(info);
 777
 778     if (vmcs_store() != vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys) {
 779         vmcs_clear(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 780         vmcs_load(vmx_info->vmcs_ptr_phys);
 781         vmx_info->state = VMX_UNLAUNCHED;
 782     }
 783
 784     v3_vmx_restore_vmcs(info);
 785
 786
 787 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 788     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 789         update_irq_entry_state(info);
 790     }
 791 #else
 792     update_irq_entry_state(info);
 793 #endif
 794
 795     {
 796         addr_t guest_cr3;
 797         vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, &guest_cr3);
 798         vmcs_write(VMCS_GUEST_CR3, guest_cr3);
 799     }
 800
 801     // Perform last-minute time bookkeeping prior to entering the VM
 802     v3_time_enter_vm(info);
 803
 804     tsc_offset_high = (uint32_t)((v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) >> 32) & 0xffffffff);
 805     tsc_offset_low = (uint32_t)(v3_tsc_host_offset(&info->time_state) & 0xffffffff);
 806     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET_HIGH, tsc_offset_high);
 807     check_vmcs_write(VMCS_TSC_OFFSET, tsc_offset_low);
 808
 809     if (v3_update_vmcs_host_state(info)) {
 810         v3_enable_ints();
 811         PrintError("Could not write host state\n");
 812         return -1;
 813     }
 814
 815
 816     if (vmx_info->state == VMX_UNLAUNCHED) {
 817         vmx_info->state = VMX_LAUNCHED;
 818
 819         info->vm_info->run_state = VM_RUNNING;
 820         ret = v3_vmx_launch(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 821     } else {
 822         V3_ASSERT(vmx_info->state != VMX_UNLAUNCHED);
 823         ret = v3_vmx_resume(&(info->vm_regs), info, &(info->ctrl_regs));
 824     }
 825
 826
 827
 828     //  PrintDebug("VMX Exit: ret=%d\n", ret);
 829
 830     if (ret != VMX_SUCCESS) {
 831         uint32_t error = 0;
 832         vmcs_read(VMCS_INSTR_ERR, &error);
 833
 834         v3_enable_ints();
 835
 836         PrintError("VMENTRY Error: %d (launch_ret = %d)\n", error, ret);
 837         return -1;
 838     }
 839
 840
 841
 842     // Immediate exit from VM time bookkeeping
 843     v3_time_exit_vm(info);
 844
 845     info->num_exits++;
 846
 847     /* Update guest state */
 848     v3_vmx_save_vmcs(info);
 849
 850     // info->cpl = info->segments.cs.selector & 0x3;
 851
 852     info->mem_mode = v3_get_vm_mem_mode(info);
 853     info->cpu_mode = v3_get_vm_cpu_mode(info);
 854
 855
 856     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_LEN, &(exit_info.instr_len));
 857     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INSTR_INFO, &(exit_info.instr_info));
 858     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_REASON, &(exit_info.exit_reason));
 859     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_QUAL, &(exit_info.exit_qual));
 860     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_INFO, &(exit_info.int_info));
 861     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_EXIT_INT_ERR, &(exit_info.int_err));
 862     check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_LINEAR_ADDR, &(exit_info.guest_linear_addr));
 863
 864     if (info->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) {
 865         check_vmcs_read(VMCS_GUEST_PHYS_ADDR, &(exit_info.ept_fault_addr));
 866     }
 867
 868     //PrintDebug("VMX Exit taken, id-qual: %u-%lu\n", exit_info.exit_reason, exit_info.exit_qual);
 869
 870     exit_log[info->num_exits % 10] = exit_info;
 871
 872 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_SYMCALL
 873     if (info->sym_core_state.symcall_state.sym_call_active == 0) {
 874         update_irq_exit_state(info);
 875     }
 876 #else
 877     update_irq_exit_state(info);
 878 #endif
 879
 880     if (exit_info.exit_reason == VMEXIT_INTR_WINDOW) {
 881         // This is a special case whose only job is to inject an interrupt
 882         vmcs_read(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, &(vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value));
 883         vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.int_wndw_exit = 0;
 884         vmcs_write(VMCS_PROC_CTRLS, vmx_info->pri_proc_ctrls.value);
 885
 886 #ifdef V3_CONFIG_DEBUG_INTERRUPTS
 887        V3_Print("Interrupts available again! (RIP=%llx)\n", info->rip);
 888 #endif
 889     }
 890
 891     // reenable global interrupts after vm exit
 892     v3_enable_ints();
 893
 894     // Conditionally yield the CPU if the timeslice has expired
 895     v3_yield_cond(info);
 896
 897     if (v3_handle_vmx_exit(info, &exit_info) == -1) {
 898         PrintError("Error in VMX exit handler (Exit reason=%x)\n", exit_info.exit_reason);
 899         return -1;
 900     }
 901
 902     return 0;
 903 }
 904
 905
 906 int v3_start_vmx_guest(struct guest_info * info) {
 907
 908     PrintDebug("Starting VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 909
 910     if (info->vcpu_id == 0) {
 911         info->core_run_state = CORE_RUNNING;
 912         info->vm_info->run_state = VM_RUNNING;
 913     } else {
 914
 915         PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Waiting for core initialization\n", info->vcpu_id);
 916
 917         while (info->core_run_state == CORE_STOPPED) {
 918
 919             if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 920                 // The VM was stopped before this core was initialized.
 921                 return 0;
 922             }
 923
 924             v3_yield(info);
 925             //PrintDebug("VMX core %u: still waiting for INIT\n",info->vcpu_id);
 926         }
 927
 928         PrintDebug("VMX core %u initialized\n", info->vcpu_id);
 929
 930         // We'll be paranoid about race conditions here
 931         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 932     }
 933
 934
 935     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: I am starting at CS=0x%x (base=0x%p, limit=0x%x),  RIP=0x%p\n",
 936                info->vcpu_id, info->segments.cs.selector, (void *)(info->segments.cs.base),
 937                info->segments.cs.limit, (void *)(info->rip));
 938
 939
 940     PrintDebug("VMX core %u: Launching VMX VM on logical core %u\n", info->vcpu_id, info->pcpu_id);
 941
 942     v3_start_time(info);
 943
 944     while (1) {
 945
 946         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 947             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 948             break;
 949         }
 950
 951         if (v3_vmx_enter(info) == -1) {
 952
 953             addr_t host_addr;
 954             addr_t linear_addr = 0;
 955
 956             info->vm_info->run_state = VM_ERROR;
 957
 958             V3_Print("VMX core %u: VMX ERROR!!\n", info->vcpu_id);
 959
 960             v3_print_guest_state(info);
 961
 962             V3_Print("VMX core %u\n", info->vcpu_id);
 963
 964             linear_addr = get_addr_linear(info, info->rip, &(info->segments.cs));
 965
 966             if (info->mem_mode == PHYSICAL_MEM) {
 967                 v3_gpa_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 968             } else if (info->mem_mode == VIRTUAL_MEM) {
 969                 v3_gva_to_hva(info, linear_addr, &host_addr);
 970             }
 971
 972             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Host Address of rip = 0x%p\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 973
 974             V3_Print("VMX core %u: Instr (15 bytes) at %p:\n", info->vcpu_id, (void *)host_addr);
 975             v3_dump_mem((uint8_t *)host_addr, 15);
 976
 977             v3_print_stack(info);
 978
 979
 980             v3_print_vmcs();
 981             print_exit_log(info);
 982             return -1;
 983         }
 984
 985         v3_wait_at_barrier(info);
 986
 987
 988         if (info->vm_info->run_state == VM_STOPPED) {
 989             info->core_run_state = CORE_STOPPED;
 990             break;
 991         }
 992 /*
 993         if ((info->num_exits % 5000) == 0) {
 994             V3_Print("VMX Exit number %d\n", (uint32_t)info->num_exits);
 995         }
 996 */
 997
 998     }
 999
1000     return 0;
1001 }
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006 #define VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR     0x0000003a
1007 #define CPUID_VMX_FEATURES 0x00000005  /* LOCK and VMXON */
1008 #define CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG 0x00000020
1009
1010 int v3_is_vmx_capable() {
1011     v3_msr_t feature_msr;
1012     uint32_t eax = 0, ebx = 0, ecx = 0, edx = 0;
1013
1014     v3_cpuid(0x1, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
1015
1016     PrintDebug("ECX: 0x%x\n", ecx);
1017
1018     if (ecx & CPUID_1_ECX_VTXFLAG) {
1019         v3_get_msr(VMX_FEATURE_CONTROL_MSR, &(feature_msr.hi), &(feature_msr.lo));
1020
1021         PrintDebug("MSRREGlow: 0x%.8x\n", feature_msr.lo);
1022
1023         if ((feature_msr.lo & CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) != CPUID_VMX_FEATURES) {
1024             PrintDebug("VMX is locked -- enable in the BIOS\n");
1025             return 0;
1026         }
1027
1028     } else {
1029         PrintDebug("VMX not supported on this cpu\n");
1030         return 0;
1031     }
1032
1033     return 1;
1034 }
1035
1036
1037 int v3_reset_vmx_vm_core(struct guest_info * core, addr_t rip) {
1038     // init vmcs bios
1039
1040     if ((core->shdw_pg_mode == NESTED_PAGING) &&
1041         (v3_cpu_types[core->pcpu_id] == V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU)) {
1042         // easy
1043         core->rip = 0;
1044         core->segments.cs.selector = rip << 8;
1045         core->segments.cs.limit = 0xffff;
1046         core->segments.cs.base = rip << 12;
1047     } else {
1048         core->vm_regs.rdx = core->vcpu_id;
1049         core->vm_regs.rbx = rip;
1050     }
1051
1052     return 0;
1053 }
1054
1055
1056
1057 void v3_init_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1058     addr_t vmx_on_region = 0;
1059
1060     if (cpu_id == 0) {
1061         if (v3_init_vmx_hw(&hw_info) == -1) {
1062             PrintError("Could not initialize VMX hardware features on cpu %d\n", cpu_id);
1063             return;
1064         }
1065     }
1066
1067     enable_vmx();
1068
1069
1070     // Setup VMXON Region
1071     vmx_on_region = allocate_vmcs();
1072
1073
1074     if (vmx_on(vmx_on_region) == VMX_SUCCESS) {
1075         V3_Print("VMX Enabled\n");
1076         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = vmx_on_region;
1077     } else {
1078         V3_Print("VMX already enabled\n");
1079         V3_FreePages((void *)vmx_on_region, 1);
1080     }
1081
1082     PrintDebug("VMXON pointer: 0x%p\n", (void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id]);
1083
1084     {
1085         struct vmx_sec_proc_ctrls sec_proc_ctrls;
1086         sec_proc_ctrls.value = v3_vmx_get_ctrl_features(&(hw_info.sec_proc_ctrls));
1087
1088         if (sec_proc_ctrls.enable_ept == 0) {
1089             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging not supported\n");
1090             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_CPU;
1091         } else if (sec_proc_ctrls.unrstrct_guest == 0) {
1092             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging supported\n");
1093             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_CPU;
1094         } else {
1095             V3_Print("VMX EPT (Nested) Paging + Unrestricted guest supported\n");
1096             v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_VMX_EPT_UG_CPU;
1097         }
1098     }
1099 }
1100
1101
1102 void v3_deinit_vmx_cpu(int cpu_id) {
1103     extern v3_cpu_arch_t v3_cpu_types[];
1104     v3_cpu_types[cpu_id] = V3_INVALID_CPU;
1105
1106     if (host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] != 0) {
1107         V3_Print("Disabling VMX\n");
1108
1109         if (vmx_off() != VMX_SUCCESS) {
1110             PrintError("Error executing VMXOFF\n");
1111         }
1112
1113         V3_FreePages((void *)host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id], 1);
1114
1115         host_vmcs_ptrs[cpu_id] = 0;
1116     }
1117 }