X-Git-Url: http://v3vee.org/palacios/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?a=blobdiff_plain;f=palacios%2Fsrc%2Fgeekos%2Fsvm.c;h=68704309ce6e813c605e134d626356551bb5b9eb;hb=c7e3f043b6458083162e23e1a8adb7703fd06559;hp=fcf5a00340af7e0ea98688be6da0e009e8be324c;hpb=01e2bfdc462dbbe8d62b71c7e99e198c27844f0f;p=palacios.git

diff --git a/palacios/src/geekos/svm.c b/palacios/src/geekos/svm.c
index fcf5a00..6870430 100644
--- a/palacios/src/geekos/svm.c
+++ b/palacios/src/geekos/svm.c
@@ -1,16 +1,40 @@
 #include <geekos/svm.h>
+#include <geekos/vmm.h>
 
+#include <geekos/vmcb.h>
+#include <geekos/vmm_mem.h>
+#include <geekos/vmm_paging.h>
+#include <geekos/svm_handler.h>
+
+#include <geekos/vmm_debug.h>
+#include <geekos/vm_guest_mem.h>
+
+
+/* TEMPORARY BECAUSE SVM IS WEIRD */
+#include <geekos/tss.h>
+/* ** */
+
+extern struct vmm_os_hooks * os_hooks;
 
 extern uint_t cpuid_ecx(uint_t op);
 extern uint_t cpuid_edx(uint_t op);
-extern void Get_MSR(uint_t MSR, ulong_t * high_byte, ulong_t * low_byte); 
-extern void Set_MSR(uint_t MSR, ulong_t high_byte, ulong_t low_byte);
+extern void Get_MSR(uint_t MSR, uint_t * high_byte, uint_t * low_byte); 
+extern void Set_MSR(uint_t MSR, uint_t high_byte, uint_t low_byte);
+extern uint_t launch_svm(vmcb_t * vmcb_addr);
+extern void safe_svm_launch(vmcb_t * vmcb_addr, struct guest_gprs * gprs);
+
+extern uint_t Get_CR3();
+
+extern void GetGDTR(void * gdt);
+extern void GetIDTR(void * idt);
+
+extern void DisableInts();
 
 /* Checks machine SVM capability */
 /* Implemented from: AMD Arch Manual 3, sect 15.4 */ 
 int is_svm_capable() {
   uint_t ret =  cpuid_ecx(CPUID_FEATURE_IDS);
-  ulong_t vm_cr_low = 0, vm_cr_high = 0;
+  uint_t vm_cr_low = 0, vm_cr_high = 0;
 
 
   if ((ret & CPUID_FEATURE_IDS_ecx_svm_avail) == 0) {
@@ -20,12 +44,16 @@ int is_svm_capable() {
 
   Get_MSR(SVM_VM_CR_MSR, &vm_cr_high, &vm_cr_low);
 
+  if ((ret & CPUID_SVM_REV_AND_FEATURE_IDS_edx_np) == 1) {
+    PrintDebug("Nested Paging not supported\n");
+  }
+
   if ((vm_cr_low & SVM_VM_CR_MSR_svmdis) == 0) {
     return 1;
   }
 
   ret = cpuid_edx(CPUID_SVM_REV_AND_FEATURE_IDS);
-  
+
   if ((ret & CPUID_SVM_REV_AND_FEATURE_IDS_edx_svml) == 0) {
     PrintDebug("SVM BIOS Disabled, not unlockable\n");
   } else {
@@ -35,14 +63,526 @@ int is_svm_capable() {
   return 0;
 }
 
-void Init_SVM() {
-  ulong_t msr_val_low = 0, msr_val_high = 0;
 
-  Get_MSR(EFER_MSR, &msr_val_high, &msr_val_low);
-  msr_val_low |= EFER_MSR_svm_enable;
-  Set_MSR(EFER_MSR, 0, msr_val_low);
+
+void Init_SVM(struct vmm_ctrl_ops * vmm_ops) {
+  reg_ex_t msr;
+  void * host_state;
+
+
+  // Enable SVM on the CPU
+  Get_MSR(EFER_MSR, &(msr.e_reg.high), &(msr.e_reg.low));
+  msr.e_reg.low |= EFER_MSR_svm_enable;
+  Set_MSR(EFER_MSR, 0, msr.e_reg.low);
+  
+  PrintDebug("SVM Enabled\n");
+
+
+  // Setup the host state save area
+  host_state = os_hooks->allocate_pages(4);
   
-  PrintDebug("SVM Inited\n");
+  msr.e_reg.high = 0;
+  msr.e_reg.low = (uint_t)host_state;
+
+
+  PrintDebug("Host State being saved at %x\n", (uint_t)host_state);
+  Set_MSR(SVM_VM_HSAVE_PA_MSR, msr.e_reg.high, msr.e_reg.low);
+
+
+
+  // Setup the SVM specific vmm operations
+  vmm_ops->init_guest = &init_svm_guest;
+  vmm_ops->start_guest = &start_svm_guest;
+
 
   return;
 }
+
+
+int init_svm_guest(struct guest_info *info) {
+ 
+  PrintDebug("Allocating VMCB\n");
+  info->vmm_data = (void*)Allocate_VMCB();
+
+
+  //PrintDebug("Generating Guest nested page tables\n");
+  //  info->page_tables = NULL;
+  //info->page_tables = generate_guest_page_tables_64(&(info->mem_layout), &(info->mem_list));
+  //info->page_tables = generate_guest_page_tables(&(info->mem_layout), &(info->mem_list));
+  //PrintDebugPageTables(info->page_tables);
+
+
+  PrintDebug("Initializing VMCB (addr=%x)\n", info->vmm_data);
+  Init_VMCB((vmcb_t*)(info->vmm_data), *info);
+  
+  //  info->rip = 0;
+
+  info->vm_regs.rdi = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rsi = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rbp = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rsp = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rbx = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rdx = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rcx = 0;
+  info->vm_regs.rax = 0;
+  
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+// can we start a kernel thread here...
+int start_svm_guest(struct guest_info *info) {
+
+
+
+  PrintDebug("Launching SVM VM (vmcb=%x)\n", info->vmm_data);
+  //PrintDebugVMCB((vmcb_t*)(info->vmm_data));
+
+  while (1) {
+
+    PrintDebug("SVM Launch Args (vmcb=%x), (info=%x), (vm_regs=%x)\n", info->vmm_data,  &(info->vm_regs));
+    PrintDebug("Launching to RIP: %x\n", info->rip);
+    safe_svm_launch((vmcb_t*)(info->vmm_data), &(info->vm_regs));
+    //launch_svm((vmcb_t*)(info->vmm_data));
+    PrintDebug("SVM Returned\n");
+
+    if (handle_svm_exit(info) != 0) {
+      // handle exit code....
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+vmcb_t * Allocate_VMCB() {
+  vmcb_t * vmcb_page = (vmcb_t*)os_hooks->allocate_pages(1);
+
+
+  memset(vmcb_page, 0, 4096);
+
+  return vmcb_page;
+}
+
+
+void Init_VMCB_Real(vmcb_t * vmcb, struct guest_info vm_info) {
+  vmcb_ctrl_t * ctrl_area = GET_VMCB_CTRL_AREA(vmcb);
+  vmcb_saved_state_t * guest_state = GET_VMCB_SAVE_STATE_AREA(vmcb);
+  uint_t i;
+
+
+  guest_state->rsp = vm_info.vm_regs.rsp;
+  guest_state->rip = vm_info.rip;
+
+
+  guest_state->efer |= EFER_MSR_svm_enable;
+  guest_state->rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
+  ctrl_area->svm_instrs.instrs.VMRUN = 1;
+  ctrl_area->guest_ASID = 1;
+  guest_state->cr0 = 0x60000010;
+
+
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.de = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.df = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.pf = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ts = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ss = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ac = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.mc = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.gp = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ud = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.np = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.of = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.nmi = 1;
+
+  guest_state->cs.selector = 0xf000;
+  guest_state->cs.limit=0xffff;
+  guest_state->cs.base =  0xffff0000;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.raw = 0x9a;
+
+  
+  struct vmcb_selector *segregs [] = {&(guest_state->ss), &(guest_state->ds), &(guest_state->es), &(guest_state->fs), &(guest_state->gs), NULL};
+  for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
+    struct vmcb_selector * seg = segregs[i];
+    
+    seg->selector = 0x0000;
+    seg->base = 0xffff0000;
+    seg->attrib.raw = 0x9b;
+    seg->limit = 0xffff;
+  }
+  
+  /* Set GPRs */
+  /*
+    EDX == 0xfxx
+    EAX, EBX, ECX, ESI, EDI, EBP, ESP == 0x0
+  */
+
+  guest_state->gdtr.base = 0;
+  guest_state->gdtr.limit = 0xffff;
+  guest_state->gdtr.attrib.raw = 0x0;
+
+  guest_state->idtr.base = 0;
+  guest_state->idtr.limit = 0xffff;
+  guest_state->idtr.attrib.raw = 0x0;
+
+  guest_state->ldtr.base = 0;
+  guest_state->ldtr.limit = 0xffff;
+  guest_state->ldtr.attrib.raw = 0x82;
+
+  guest_state->tr.base = 0;
+  guest_state->tr.limit = 0xffff;
+  guest_state->tr.attrib.raw = 0x83;
+
+
+
+
+  if (vm_info.io_map.num_ports > 0) {
+    vmm_io_hook_t * iter;
+    addr_t io_port_bitmap;
+    
+    io_port_bitmap = (addr_t)os_hooks->allocate_pages(3);
+    memset((uchar_t*)io_port_bitmap, 0, PAGE_SIZE * 3);
+    
+    ctrl_area->IOPM_BASE_PA = io_port_bitmap;
+
+    //PrintDebug("Setting up IO Map at 0x%x\n", io_port_bitmap);
+
+    FOREACH_IO_HOOK(vm_info.io_map, iter) {
+      ushort_t port = iter->port;
+      uchar_t * bitmap = (uchar_t *)io_port_bitmap;
+
+      bitmap += (port / 8);
+      PrintDebug("Setting Bit in block %x\n", bitmap);
+      *bitmap |= 1 << (port % 8);
+    }
+
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.IOIO_PROT = 1;
+  }
+
+  ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INTR = 1;
+
+  // also determine if CPU supports nested paging
+
+  if (vm_info.page_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
+    PrintDebug("Creating initial shadow page table\n");
+    vm_info.shdw_pg_state.shadow_cr3.e_reg.low |= ((addr_t)create_passthrough_pde32_pts(&vm_info) & ~0xfff);
+    PrintDebug("Created\n");
+
+    guest_state->cr3 = vm_info.shdw_pg_state.shadow_cr3.r_reg;
+
+    ctrl_area->cr_reads.crs.cr3 = 1;
+    ctrl_area->cr_writes.crs.cr3 = 1;
+    ctrl_area->cr_reads.crs.cr0 = 1;
+    ctrl_area->cr_writes.crs.cr0 = 1;
+
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INVLPG = 1;
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INVLPGA = 1;
+
+	
+    guest_state->g_pat = 0x7040600070406ULL;
+
+    vm_info.shdw_pg_state.guest_cr0.e_reg.low = guest_state->cr0;
+    guest_state->cr0 |= 0x80000000;
+  } else if (vm_info.page_mode == NESTED_PAGING) {
+    // Flush the TLB on entries/exits
+    //ctrl_area->TLB_CONTROL = 1;
+
+    // Enable Nested Paging
+    //ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE = 1;
+
+    //PrintDebug("NP_Enable at 0x%x\n", &(ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE));
+
+        // Set the Nested Page Table pointer
+    //    ctrl_area->N_CR3 = ((addr_t)vm_info.page_tables);
+    // ctrl_area->N_CR3 = (addr_t)(vm_info.page_tables);
+
+    //   ctrl_area->N_CR3 = Get_CR3();
+    // guest_state->cr3 |= (Get_CR3() & 0xfffff000);
+
+    //    guest_state->g_pat = 0x7040600070406ULL;
+  }
+
+}
+
+
+void Init_VMCB(vmcb_t * vmcb, struct guest_info vm_info) {
+  vmcb_ctrl_t * ctrl_area = GET_VMCB_CTRL_AREA(vmcb);
+  vmcb_saved_state_t * guest_state = GET_VMCB_SAVE_STATE_AREA(vmcb);
+  uint_t i;
+
+
+  guest_state->rsp = vm_info.vm_regs.rsp;
+  guest_state->rip = vm_info.rip;
+
+
+  //ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.CR0 = 1;
+  ctrl_area->cr_reads.crs.cr0 = 1;
+  ctrl_area->cr_writes.crs.cr0 = 1;
+
+  guest_state->efer |= EFER_MSR_svm_enable;
+  guest_state->rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
+  ctrl_area->svm_instrs.instrs.VMRUN = 1;
+  // guest_state->cr0 = 0x00000001;    // PE 
+  ctrl_area->guest_ASID = 1;
+
+
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.de = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.df = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.pf = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ts = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ss = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ac = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.mc = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.gp = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ud = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.np = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.of = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.nmi = 1;
+
+  guest_state->cs.selector = 0x0000;
+  guest_state->cs.limit=~0u;
+  guest_state->cs.base = guest_state->cs.selector<<4;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.raw = 0xf3;
+
+  
+  struct vmcb_selector *segregs [] = {&(guest_state->ss), &(guest_state->ds), &(guest_state->es), &(guest_state->fs), &(guest_state->gs), NULL};
+  for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
+    struct vmcb_selector * seg = segregs[i];
+    
+    seg->selector = 0x0000;
+    seg->base = seg->selector << 4;
+    seg->attrib.raw = 0xf3;
+    seg->limit = ~0u;
+  }
+  
+  if (vm_info.io_map.num_ports > 0) {
+    vmm_io_hook_t * iter;
+    addr_t io_port_bitmap;
+    
+    io_port_bitmap = (addr_t)os_hooks->allocate_pages(3);
+    memset((uchar_t*)io_port_bitmap, 0, PAGE_SIZE * 3);
+    
+    ctrl_area->IOPM_BASE_PA = io_port_bitmap;
+
+    //PrintDebug("Setting up IO Map at 0x%x\n", io_port_bitmap);
+
+    FOREACH_IO_HOOK(vm_info.io_map, iter) {
+      ushort_t port = iter->port;
+      uchar_t * bitmap = (uchar_t *)io_port_bitmap;
+
+      bitmap += (port / 8);
+      PrintDebug("Setting Bit in block %x\n", bitmap);
+      *bitmap |= 1 << (port % 8);
+    }
+
+
+    //PrintDebugMemDump((uchar_t*)io_port_bitmap, PAGE_SIZE *2);
+
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.IOIO_PROT = 1;
+  }
+
+  ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INTR = 1;
+
+
+
+  if (vm_info.page_mode == SHADOW_PAGING) {
+    PrintDebug("Creating initial shadow page table\n");
+    vm_info.shdw_pg_state.shadow_cr3.e_reg.low |= ((addr_t)create_passthrough_pde32_pts(&vm_info) & ~0xfff);
+    PrintDebug("Created\n");
+
+    guest_state->cr3 = vm_info.shdw_pg_state.shadow_cr3.r_reg;
+
+    ctrl_area->cr_reads.crs.cr3 = 1;
+    ctrl_area->cr_writes.crs.cr3 = 1;
+
+
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INVLPG = 1;
+    ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INVLPGA = 1;
+
+    guest_state->g_pat = 0x7040600070406ULL;
+
+    guest_state->cr0 |= 0x80000000;
+  } else if (vm_info.page_mode == NESTED_PAGING) {
+    // Flush the TLB on entries/exits
+    //ctrl_area->TLB_CONTROL = 1;
+
+    // Enable Nested Paging
+    //ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE = 1;
+
+    //PrintDebug("NP_Enable at 0x%x\n", &(ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE));
+
+        // Set the Nested Page Table pointer
+    //    ctrl_area->N_CR3 = ((addr_t)vm_info.page_tables);
+    // ctrl_area->N_CR3 = (addr_t)(vm_info.page_tables);
+
+    //   ctrl_area->N_CR3 = Get_CR3();
+    // guest_state->cr3 |= (Get_CR3() & 0xfffff000);
+
+    //    guest_state->g_pat = 0x7040600070406ULL;
+  }
+
+
+
+}
+
+void Init_VMCB_pe(vmcb_t *vmcb, struct guest_info vm_info) {
+  vmcb_ctrl_t * ctrl_area = GET_VMCB_CTRL_AREA(vmcb);
+  vmcb_saved_state_t * guest_state = GET_VMCB_SAVE_STATE_AREA(vmcb);
+  uint_t i = 0;
+
+
+  guest_state->rsp = vm_info.vm_regs.rsp;
+  guest_state->rip = vm_info.rip;
+
+
+  /* I pretty much just gutted this from TVMM */
+  /* Note: That means its probably wrong */
+
+  // set the segment registers to mirror ours
+  guest_state->cs.selector = 1<<3;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.fields.type = 0xa; // Code segment+read
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.fields.S = 1;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.fields.P = 1;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.fields.db = 1;
+  guest_state->cs.attrib.fields.G = 1;
+  guest_state->cs.limit = 0xfffff;
+  guest_state->cs.base = 0;
+  
+  struct vmcb_selector *segregs [] = {&(guest_state->ss), &(guest_state->ds), &(guest_state->es), &(guest_state->fs), &(guest_state->gs), NULL};
+  for ( i = 0; segregs[i] != NULL; i++) {
+    struct vmcb_selector * seg = segregs[i];
+    
+    seg->selector = 2<<3;
+    seg->attrib.fields.type = 0x2; // Data Segment+read/write
+    seg->attrib.fields.S = 1;
+    seg->attrib.fields.P = 1;
+    seg->attrib.fields.db = 1;
+    seg->attrib.fields.G = 1;
+    seg->limit = 0xfffff;
+    seg->base = 0;
+  }
+
+
+  {
+    /* JRL THIS HAS TO GO */
+    
+    guest_state->tr.selector = GetTR_Selector();
+    guest_state->tr.attrib.fields.type = 0x9; 
+    guest_state->tr.attrib.fields.P = 1;
+    guest_state->tr.limit = GetTR_Limit();
+    guest_state->tr.base = GetTR_Base();// - 0x2000;
+    /* ** */
+  }
+
+
+  /* ** */
+
+
+  guest_state->efer |= EFER_MSR_svm_enable;
+  guest_state->rflags = 0x00000002; // The reserved bit is always 1
+  ctrl_area->svm_instrs.instrs.VMRUN = 1;
+  guest_state->cr0 = 0x00000001;    // PE 
+  ctrl_area->guest_ASID = 1;
+
+
+  //  guest_state->cpl = 0;
+
+
+
+  // Setup exits
+
+  ctrl_area->cr_writes.crs.cr4 = 1;
+  
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.de = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.df = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.pf = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ts = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ss = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ac = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.mc = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.gp = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.ud = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.np = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.of = 1;
+  ctrl_area->exceptions.ex_names.nmi = 1;
+
+  
+
+  ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.IOIO_PROT = 1;
+  ctrl_area->IOPM_BASE_PA = (uint_t)os_hooks->allocate_pages(3);
+  
+  {
+    reg_ex_t tmp_reg;
+    tmp_reg.r_reg = ctrl_area->IOPM_BASE_PA;
+    memset((void*)(tmp_reg.e_reg.low), 0xffffffff, PAGE_SIZE * 2);
+  }
+
+  ctrl_area->instrs.instrs.INTR = 1;
+
+  
+  {
+    char gdt_buf[6];
+    char idt_buf[6];
+
+    memset(gdt_buf, 0, 6);
+    memset(idt_buf, 0, 6);
+
+
+    uint_t gdt_base, idt_base;
+    ushort_t gdt_limit, idt_limit;
+    
+    GetGDTR(gdt_buf);
+    gdt_base = *(ulong_t*)((uchar_t*)gdt_buf + 2) & 0xffffffff;
+    gdt_limit = *(ushort_t*)(gdt_buf) & 0xffff;
+    PrintDebug("GDT: base: %x, limit: %x\n", gdt_base, gdt_limit);
+
+    GetIDTR(idt_buf);
+    idt_base = *(ulong_t*)(idt_buf + 2) & 0xffffffff;
+    idt_limit = *(ushort_t*)(idt_buf) & 0xffff;
+    PrintDebug("IDT: base: %x, limit: %x\n",idt_base, idt_limit);
+
+
+    // gdt_base -= 0x2000;
+    //idt_base -= 0x2000;
+
+    guest_state->gdtr.base = gdt_base;
+    guest_state->gdtr.limit = gdt_limit;
+    guest_state->idtr.base = idt_base;
+    guest_state->idtr.limit = idt_limit;
+
+
+  }
+  
+  
+  // also determine if CPU supports nested paging
+  /*
+  if (vm_info.page_tables) {
+    //   if (0) {
+    // Flush the TLB on entries/exits
+    ctrl_area->TLB_CONTROL = 1;
+
+    // Enable Nested Paging
+    ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE = 1;
+
+    PrintDebug("NP_Enable at 0x%x\n", &(ctrl_area->NP_ENABLE));
+
+        // Set the Nested Page Table pointer
+    ctrl_area->N_CR3 |= ((addr_t)vm_info.page_tables & 0xfffff000);
+
+
+    //   ctrl_area->N_CR3 = Get_CR3();
+    // guest_state->cr3 |= (Get_CR3() & 0xfffff000);
+
+    guest_state->g_pat = 0x7040600070406ULL;
+
+    PrintDebug("Set Nested CR3: lo: 0x%x  hi: 0x%x\n", (uint_t)*(&(ctrl_area->N_CR3)), (uint_t)*((unsigned char *)&(ctrl_area->N_CR3) + 4));
+    PrintDebug("Set Guest CR3: lo: 0x%x  hi: 0x%x\n", (uint_t)*(&(guest_state->cr3)), (uint_t)*((unsigned char *)&(guest_state->cr3) + 4));
+    // Enable Paging
+    //    guest_state->cr0 |= 0x80000000;
+  }
+  */
+
+}
+
+